CRV2 SQLInjPHP

Introduction
An SQL injection Attack consists of injecting sql query portions in the back-end database system via the client interface in the web application. The consequence of a successful exploitation of an SQL injection varies from just reading data to modifying data or executing system commands. SQL Injection in PHP remains the number one attack vector, and also the number on reason for DATA COMPROMISES

Data Validation and prepared statements
It is as simple as this the absence of data validation and prepared statements or stored procedures will increase the possibility that your code contain SQL injections. If your application gives the users the possibility to change parameters and those parameters are not verified and inserted in an unprepared statement than your code contain an SQL Injection.

Example 1 : 

Suspicious Validation
The most common ways to prevent SQL Injection in PHP are using functions such as addslashes and mysql_real_escape_string but those function can always cause SQL Injections in some cases.

addslashes :

you will avoid Sql injection using addslashes only in the case when you wrap the query string with quotes.The following example would still be vulnerable 

mysql_real_escape_string:

mysql_real_escape_string is a little bit more powerful than addslashes as it calls MySQL's library function mysql_real_escape_string, which prepends backslashes to the following characters: \x00, \n, \r, \, ', " and \x1a. As with addslashes, mysql_real_escape_string will only work if the query string is wrapped in quotes. A string such as the following would still be vulnerable to an SQL injection:



Canonicalization
Canonicalization is the process by which various equivalent forms of a name can be resolved to a single standard name, or the "canonical" name.

The most popular encodings are UTF-8, UTF-16, and so on (which are described in detail in RFC 2279). A single character, such as a period/full-stop (.), may be represented in many different ways: ASCII 2E, Unicode C0 AE, and many others.

With the myriad ways of encoding user input, a web application's filters can be easily circumvented if they're not carefully built.

Bad Example
public static void main(String[] args) { File x = new File("/cmd/" + args[1]); String absPath = x.getAbsolutePath; }

Good Example
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { File x = new File("/cmd/" + args[1]); String canonicalPath = x.getCanonicalPath; }