O-Saft/Documentation

O-Saft
This is O-Saft's documentation as you get with: o-saft.pl --help

On Windows following must be used o-saft.pl --help --v

NAME

 * o-saft.pl - OWASP SSL advanced forensic tool
 * OWASP SSL audit for testers

DESCRIPTION

 * This tools lists information about remote target's  SSL  certificate
 * and tests the remote target according given list of ciphers.
 * Note: Throughout this description    is used as an alias for the
 * program name.
 * program name.

SYNOPSIS
o-saft.pl [COMMANDS ..] [OPTIONS ..] target [target target ...]
 * Where [COMMANDS]  and  [OPTIONS]  are described below  and
 * is a hostname either as full qualified domain name or as IP address.
 * Multiple commands and targets may be combined.
 * All commands  and  options  can also be specified in a  rc-file, see
 * RC-FILE below.
 * All commands  and  options  can also be specified in a  rc-file, see
 * RC-FILE below.


 * I.g. all commands start with a    character and options start with
 * or    characters. Anything else is treated as target name.

QUICKSTART

 * Before going into a detailed description  of the  purpose and usage,
 * here are some examples of the most common use cases:


 * Show supported (enabled) ciphers of target:

o-saft.pl +cipher --enabled example.tld


 * Show supported (enabled) ciphers with their DH parameters:

o-saft.pl +cipher-dh example.tld


 * Test all ciphers, even if not supported by local SSL implementation:

o-saft.pl +cipherall example.tld


 * Show details of certificate and connection of target:

o-saft.pl +info example.tld


 * Check certificate, ciphers and SSL connection of target:

o-saft.pl +check example.tld


 * Check connection to target for vulnerabilities:

o-saft.pl +vulns example.tld


 * Check for all known ciphers (independant of SSL library):

o-saft.pl example.tld --range=full checkAllCiphers.pl example.tld checkAllCiphers.pl example.tld --range=full --v


 * Get the certificate's Common Name for a bunch of servers:

o-saft.pl +cn example.tld some.tld other.tld


 * List more usage examples

o-saft.pl --help=examples


 * List all available commands:

o-saft.pl --help=commands


 * Get table of contents for complete help

o-saft.pl --help=toc


 * Show just one section, for example SECURITY, from help

o-saft.pl --help=SECURITY


 * Start the simple GUI

o-saft.tcl


 * Start the simple GUI which uses o-saft.pl in a Docker image

o-saft.tcl --docker


 * For more specialised test cases, refer to the COMMANDS and OPTIONS
 * sections below. For more examples please refer to EXAMPLES  section.


 * For more details, please see INSTALLATION  below.

WHY?

 * Why a new tool for checking SSL security and configuration when there
 * are already a dozen or more such good tools in existence (in 2012)?


 * Unique features:
 * working in closed environments, i.e. without internet connection
 * checking availability of ciphers independent of installed library
 * checking for all possible ciphers (up to 65535 per SSL protocol)
 * mainly same results on all platforms.


 * Currently available tools suffer from some or all of following issues:


 * lack of tests of unusual SSL certificate configurations
 * may return different results for the same checks on a given target
 * missing tests for modern SSL/TLS functionality
 * missing tests for specific, known SSL/TLS vulnerabilities
 * no support for newer, advanced, features e.g. CRL, OCSP, EV
 * limited capability to create your own customised tests


 * Other reasons or problems  are that other tools are either binary or
 * use additional binaries and hence not portable to other platforms.


 * In contrast to (all?) most other tools, including openssl, it can be
 * used to `ask simple questions' like `does target support STS' just by
 * calling:

o-saft.pl +hsts_sts example.tld


 * For more, please see EXAMPLES  section below.
 * If it should run on systems with old software (perl or perl modules),
 * please see DEBUG  section below.

SECURITY

 * This tool is designed to be used by people doing security or forensic
 * analyses. Hence no malicious input is expected.


 * There are no special security checks implemented. Some parameters are
 * roughly sanatised according unwanted characters. In particular there
 * are no checks according any kind of code injection.


 * Care should be taken, when additional tools and modules are installed
 * as described in INSTALLATION  below.  In particular  we recommend to
 * do such installations into directoies specially prepared for use with
 * . No other tools of your system should use these installations
 * i.e. by accident or because your environment variables point to them.


 * Note that compilation and installation of additional tools (openssl,
 * Net::SSLeay, etc.) uses known insecure configurations and features!
 * This is essential to make  able to check for such insecurities.


 * It is highly recommended to do these installations and use the tools
 * on a separate testing system.


 * DO NOT USE THESE INSTALLATIONS ON PRODUCTIVE SYTEMS.

TECHNICAL INFORMATION

 * It is important to understand, which provided information is based on
 * data returned by underlaying (used) libraries and the information
 * computed directly.

OpenSSL, libssl, libcrypto

 * In general the tool uses perl's Net::SSLeay(1) module which itself
 * is based on libssl and/or libssleay library of the operating system.
 * It's possible to use other versions of these libraries, see options:


 * --exe-path=PATH --exe=PATH
 * --lib-path=PATH --lib=PATH
 * --envlibvar=NAME


 * The external openssl(1) is called to extract some information from
 * its output. The version of openssl can be controlled  with following
 * options:


 * --openssl=TOOL
 * --no-openssl
 * --force-openssl
 * --exe-path=PATH --exe=PATH


 * Above applies to all commands except +cipherall and +cipherraw which
 * uses no other libraries.


 * OpenSSL is recommended to be used for libssl and libcrypto. Versions
 * 0.9.8k to 1.0.2e (Jan. 2016) are known to work. However, versions be-
 * for 1.0.0 may not provide all informations.
 * LibreSSL is not recommended, because some functionallity  considered
 * insecure, has been removed.
 * For more details, please see INSTALLATION  below.

Certificates and CA

 * All checks according the validity of the certificate chain are based
 * on the root CAs installed on the system. NOTE that  Net::SSLeay(1)
 * and openssl(1)  may have their own rules how and where to find the
 * root CAs. Please refer to the documentation on your system for these
 * tools. However, there are folloing options to tweak these rules:


 * --ca-file=FILE
 * --ca-path=DIR
 * --ca-depth=INT

Commands and options

 * All arguments starting with     are considered  COMMANDS  for this
 * tool. All arguments starting with    are considered  OPTIONS  for
 * this tool.


 * Reading any data from STDIN or here-documents is not yet supported.
 * It's reserved for future use.

Environment variables

 * Following environment variables are incorporated:
 * OPENSSL        - if set, full path to openssl executable
 * OPENSSL_CONF   - if set, full path to openssl's openssl.cnf or
 * directory where to find openssl.cnf
 * LD_LIBRARY_PATH - used and extended with definitions from options

Requirements

 * For checking all ciphers and all protocols with +cipherall  command,
 * just perl (5.x) without any modules is required.
 * For +info  and  +check  (and all related) commands,  perl (5.x) with
 * following modules (minimal version) is required:


 * IO             1.25 (2011)
 * IO::Socket:INET 1.37 (2011)
 * IO::Socket:SSL 1.90 (2013)
 * Net::DNS       0.66 (2011)
 * Net::SSLeay    1.49 (2012)


 * However, it is recommended to use the most recent version of the mod-
 * ules which then gives more accurate results and less warnings. If the
 * modules are missing, they can be installed i.e. with:

cpan Net::SSLeay


 * Note: if you want to use advanced features of openssl or Net::SSLeay,
 * please see INSTALLTION  section how to compile and install the tools
 * fully customized.


 * Also an openssl executable should be available, but is not mandatory.


 * For checking DH parameters of ciphers, openssl 1.0.2 or newer should
 * be available. If an older version of openssl is found, we try hard to
 * extract the DH parameters from the data returned by the server, see
 * +cipher-dh command.


 * If you need to run on systems with older perl or perl module versions
 * please refer to the DEBUG  section for more inofrmation.

RESULTS

 * All output is designed to make be easily parsed by postprocessors. Please
 * see OUTPUT  section below for details.


 * For the results, we have to distinguish those returned by  +cipher
 * command and those from all other tests and checks like  +check  or
 * +info command.

+cipher

 * The cipher checks will return one line for each tested cipher. It
 * contains at least the cipher name,    or     whether it's
 * supported or not, and a security qualification. It may look like:

AES256-SHA      yes    HIGH NULL-SHA        no     weak


 * Depending on the used --legacy=*  option the format may differ
 * and also contain more information. For details see  --legacy=*
 * option below.


 * The text for security qualifications are mainly those returned by
 * openssl (version 1.0.1): LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH and WEAK.
 * The same texts but with all lower case characters are used if the
 * qualification was adapted herein. Following rules for adjusting the
 * qualification were used:


 * weak:
 * all *NULL* ciphers
 * all *RC4* ciphers
 * all *EXPORT* ciphers
 * all *anon* (aka ADH aka DHA) ciphers
 * all *CBC* and *CBC3* (aka 3DES) ciphers
 * low:
 * high:
 * all *AES(128|256)* ciphers
 * all *CAMELLIA* ciphers

+check

 * These tests return a line with a label describing the test and a
 * test result for it. The  idea is to report     if the result
 * is considered "secure" and report the reason why it is considered
 * insecure otherwise. Example of a check considered secure:

Label of the performed check:          yes
 * Example of a check considered insecure:

Label of the performed check:          no (reason why)


 * Note that there are tests where the results appear confusing when
 * first viewed, like for www.wi.ld:

Certificate is valid according given hostname: no (*.wi.ld) Certificate's wildcard does not match hostname: yes
 * This can for example occur with:

Certificate Common Name:               *.wi.ld        Certificate Subject's Alternate Names:  DNS:www.wi.ld


 * Please check the result with the +info  command also to verify
 * if the check sounds reasonable.

+info

 * The test result contains detailed information.  The labels there
 * are mainly the same as for the "+check"  command.

COMMANDS

 * There are commands for various tests according the SSL connection to
 * the target, the targets certificate and the used ciphers.


 * All commands are preceded by a    to easily distinguish from other
 * arguments and options. However, some --OPT  options are treated as
 * commands for historical reason or compatibility to other programs.


 * The most important commands are (in alphabetical order):


 * +check +cipher +info +http +list +quick +sni +sni_check +version''


 * A list of all available commands will be printed with

o-saft.pl --help=cmd


 * The description of all other commands will be printed with

o-saft.pl --header --help=commands


 * The summary and internal commands return requested information or the
 * results of checks. These are described below.


 * Note that some commands may be a combination of other commands, see:

o-saft.pl --header --help=intern


 * The following sub-sections only describe the commands, which do more
 * than giving a simple information from the target. All other commands
 * can be listed with:

$0 --header --help=commands


 * The final sub-sections Notes about commands  describes some notes
 * about special commands and related commands.

Commands for information about this tool

 * All these commands will exit after execution (cannot be used together
 * with other commands).

+ciphers

 * Show ciphers offered by local SSL implementation.


 * This commands prints the ciphers in format like
 * does. It also accepts the -v  and  -V  option. The  --legacy=TYPE
 * option can be used as described for +list  command.
 * Use +list  command for more information according ciphers.

+list

 * Show all ciphers known by this tool.  This includes cryptogrphic
 * details of the cipher and some internal details about the rating.


 * In contrast to +ciphers  command  +list  uses TAB characters
 * instead of spaces to seperate columns. It also prints table header
 * lines by default.


 * Different output formats are used for the --legacy  option:
 * --legacy=simple       - tabular output of cipher values
 * --legacy=full         - as --legacy=simple but more data
 * --legacy=openssl      - output like with +cipher command
 * --legacy=ssltest      - output like

+VERSION

 * Just show version and exit.

+version

 * Show version information for both the program and the Perl modules
 * that it uses, then exit.


 * Use --v option to show more details.

+libversion

 * Show version of openssl.

+quit

 * Show internal data and exit, used for debugging only.

Commands to check SSL details

 * Following (summary, internal) commands are simply a shortcut for
 * a list of other commands. For details of the list use:

o-saft.pl --help=intern

+check

 * Check the SSL connection for security issues. This is the same as
 * +info +cipher +sizes --sslv2 --sslv3 --tlsv1 --tlsv11 --tlsv12
 * but also gives some kind of scoring for security issues if any.

+host +target

 * Print details about the targets hostname, DNS, etc.
 * These details are usually printed only for the +check  and  +info
 * command, but not for any individual command.

+http

 * Perform HTTP checks (like STS, redirects etc.).

+info

 * Overview of most important details of the SSL connection.


 * Use --v option to show details also, which span multiple lines.

+info--v

 * Overview of all details of the SSL connection. This is a shortcut
 * for all commands listed below but not including +cipher.


 * This command is intended for debugging as it prints some details
 * from the used Net::SSLinfo  module.

+quick

 * Quick overview of checks. Implies --enabled and  --short.

+pfs

 * Check if servers offers ciphers with prefect forward secrecy (PFS)

+sts +hsts

 * Various checks according STS HTTP header.
 * This option implies --http,  means that  --no-http is ignored.

+sni

 * Check for Server Name Indication (SNI) usage.

+sni_check +check_sni

 * Check for Server Name Indication (SNI) usage and validity of all
 * names (CN, subjectAltName, FQDN, etc.).

+bsi

 * Various checks according BSI TR-02102-2 and TR-03116-4 compliance.

+ev

 * Various checks according certificate's extended Validation (EV).


 * Hint: use option --v --v to get information about failed checks.

+sizes

 * Check length, size and count of some values in the certificate.

+s_client

 * Dump data retrieved from   call. Should be
 * used for debugging only.
 * It can be used just like openssl itself, for example:

openssl s_client -connect host:443 -no_sslv2

+dump

 * Dumps internal data for SSL connection and target certificate.
 * This is mainly for debugging and should not be used together with
 * other commands (except +cipher).
 * Each key-value pair is enclosed in  and.


 * Using --trace --trace dumps data of Net::SSLinfo  too.

+exec

 * Command used internally when requested to use other libraries.
 * This command should not be used directly.

Commands to test ciphers provided by target

 * Beside the description of the commands itself here, please see also
 * below.

+cipher

 * Check target for ciphers, either all ciphers or ciphers specified
 * with --cipher=* option.


 * Note that ciphers not supported  by the local SSL implementation
 * are not checked by default, use +cipherall command for that.


 * Use --v  option to see all ciphers being checked.

+cipherall +cipherraw

 * Check target for all possible ciphers.
 * Does not depend on local SSL implementation.


 * In contrast to +cipher  this command has some options to tweak
 * the cipher tests, connection results, and some strange behaviours
 * of the target. See for details.

+cipher-default

 * Lists the cipher selected by the server for each protocol sometimes
 * referred to as "default cipher".
 * For each protocol the two selected ciphers are shown, one returned
 * by the server if the cipher list in the ClientHello is sorted with
 * the strongest cipher first, and one returned if the cipher list in
 * the ClientHello is sorted with strongest cipher last.
 * See   for details.

+cipher-dh

 * Checked target for ciphers. All ciphers supported by the server are
 * printed with their DH or ECDH paramaters (if available).
 * ciphers.

+cipher-null +null

 * Check if target accepts NULL ciphers.

+cipher-adh +adh

 * Check if target accepts ciphers with anonymous key exchange.

+cipher-exp +export

 * Check if target accepts EXPORT ciphers.

+cipher-cbc +cbc

 * Check if target accepts CBC ciphers.

+cipher-des +des

 * Check if target accepts DES ciphers.

+cipher-rc4

 * Check if target accepts RC4 ciphers.

+cipher-edh +edh

 * Check if target supports ephemeral ciphers.

+cipher-pfs

 * Check if target supports ciphers with PFS.

+cipher-strong

 * Check if target selects strongest cipher.

+cipher-weak

 * Check if target selects weak cipher (oposite of +cipher-strong).

Commands to test SSL connection to target

 * Please see:

o-saft.pl --help=commands

Commands to show certificate details of the target

 * Please see:

o-saft.pl --help=commands

+cipher vs. +cipherall

 * +cipher can only check for ciphers - more precise: cipher suites -
 * provided by the local SSL implementation (i.e. libssl).
 * +cipherall can check for any cipher,  as it just uses the cipher's
 * integer value in the range 0 .. 65532.

+cipher vs. +cipher-default

 * Both commands show the default cipher foreach protocol.


 * +cipher lists a summary of ciphers selected by the server for each
 * protocol requested by the user (for example by using options like:
 * --sslv3 --tlsv1 etc.). When the  --v  option is used, all selected
 * ciphers for all known protocols are listed. This summary focuses on
 * counts for various ciphers.


 * +cipher-default lists the  selected cipher by the server for each
 * protocol.

+cipher-selected vs. +cipher-default

 * +cipher-selected lists the cipher selected by the server if no particular
 * protocol was specified and the system's default cipher list is send
 * in the ClientHello to the server.


 * +cipher-default lists the  selected cipher by the server for each
 * protocol.

+cipher-strong vs. +cipher-default

 * +cipher-strong shows the result of the check if strong ciphers are
 * preferred by the server. It is a check command.


 * +cipher-default lists the  cipher selected  by the server for each
 * protocol. It is a information command.


 * It is not possible to check if a server uses 'SSLHonorCipherOrder'.
 * Even if it is used (switched on), it is not possible to  check the
 * specified order of the ciphers.


 * I. g. it is expected that the order is according the cipher suite's
 * strength, meaning the most strongest first, and the weakest last.
 * It does not make sense to use an order where a weak cipher preceeds
 * a stronger one. Such a (mis-)configuration should be detected.


 * Having this in mind, the algorithm to detect a proper cipher order
 * is as simply as follows:

1. pass sorted cipher list with strongest cipher first 2. pass sorted cipher list with strongest cipher last
 * if the server returns the same cipher for both checks, it's assumed
 * that it prefers to use the most strongest cipher. In this case it's
 * obvious that 'SSLHonorCipherOrder' is set (exceptions see below).


 * +cipherall uses a  more accurate algorithm  to detect the server's
 * cipher order.


 * Exceptions:
 * If either, the server or the client, uses only one cipher suite in
 * the list, SSLHonorCipherOrder cannot be detected at all.
 * The same happens, if only one cipher in the client's list matches a
 * cipher in the server's list.

+extensions vs. +tlsextensions

 * +extensions shows the "Certificate extensions" and  +tlsextensions
 * will show the TLS protocol extensions.
 * Use +tlsextdebug  to show more informations about the TLS protocol
 * extensions.

+http2 +spdy +spdy3 +spdy31 +spdy4 +prots

 * These commands are just an alias for the +protocols  command.

+hostname vs. +wildhost vs. +altname vs. +rfc_2818

 * The commands +cn  and  +altname  print the  information stored  in
 * the certificate.
 * The command +hostname  checks if the given hostname matches the CN
 * value in the certificate. Note that wildcard names in the CN, only
 * allow to contain one '*'.
 * The command +wildcard  checks if the given hostname does not match
 * any name specified in the certificate's "subjectAltname". This check
 * is usefull if the certificate and the configuration must comply to
 * RFC 6125 or EV certificates.

OPTIONS

 * All options are written in lowercase. Words written in all capital in
 * the description here is text provided by the user.

--help

 * WYSIWYG

--help=cmd

 * Show available commands.

--help=commands

 * Show available commands with short description.

--help=opt

 * Show available options; short form.

--help=options

 * Show available options with their description.

--help=checks

 * Show available checks.

--help=check-cfg --help=cfg-check

 * Show texts used as labels in output for checks (see +check)  ready
 * for use in RC-FILE  or as option.

--help=data

 * Show available informations.

--help=data-cfg --help=cfg-data --help=cfg-info

 * Show texts used as labels in output for  data  (see  +info)  ready
 * for use in RC-FILE  or as option.

--help=hint

 * Show texts used in hint messages.

--help=hint-cfg --help=cfg-hint

 * Show texts used in hint messages ready for use in RC-FILE  or as
 * option.

--help=text

 * Show texts used in various messages.

--help=text-cfg --help=cfg-text

 * Show texts used in various messages ready for use in RC-FILE  or
 * as option.

--help=legacy

 * Show possible legacy formats (used as value in --legacy=KEY).

--help=compliance

 * Show available compliance checks.

--help=intern

 * Show internal commands.

--help=range

 * Show list of cipherranges (see --cipherrange=RANG).

--help=score

 * Show score value for each check.
 * Value is printed in format to be used for --cfg_score=KEY=SCORE.


 * Note that the sequence  of options  is important.  Use the options
 * --trace and/or  --cfg_score=KEY=SCORE  before  --help=score.

--help=toc --help=content

 * Show headlines from help textsUseful to get an overview.

--help=SECTION

 * Show   from documentation, see  --help=toc  for a list.
 * Example:

o-saft.pl --help=EXAMPLES

--help=regex

 * Show regular expressions used internally.

--help=gen-html

 * Show help text in HTML format.

--help=gen-wiki

 * Show help text in mediawiki format.

--help=gen-cgi

 * Generate HTML page with o-saft.cgi as form action..

--help=error --help=warning --help=problem

 * Show KNOWN PROBLEMS  section with  description of known  error and
 * warning messages.

--help=FAQ

 * Show KNOWN PROBLEMS  and  LIMITATIONS  section.

--help=glossar

 * Show common abbreviation used in the world of security.

--help=todo

 * Show known problems and bugs.

--dns

 * Do DNS lookups to map given hostname to IP, do a reverse lookup.

--no-dns

 * Do not make DNS lookups.
 * Note that the corresponding IP and reverse hostname may be missing
 * in some messages then.

--host=HOST

 * Specify  as target to be checked. Legacy option.

--port=PORT

 * Specify target's  to be used. Legacy option.

--host=HOST --port=PORT HOST:PORT HOST

 * When giving more than one HOST argument, the sequence of the given
 * HOST argument and the given --port=PORT  and the given --host=HOST
 * options are important.
 * The rule how ports and hosts are mapped is as follows:
 * *   HOST:PORT arguments are used as is (connection to HOST on PORT)
 * *   only HOST is given, then previous specified --port=PORT is used
 * Note that URLs are treated as HOST:PORT, if they contain a port.
 * Example:

o-saft.pl +cmd host-1 --port 23 host-2 host-3:42 host-4
 * will connect to:

host-1:443 host-2:23 host-3:42 host-4:23

--proxyhost=PROXYHOST --proxy=PROXYHOST:PROXYPORT

 * Make all connection to target using.


 * Also possible is: --proxy=PROXYUSER:PROXYPASS@PROXYHOST:PROXYPORT

--proxyport=PROXYPORT

 * Make all connection to target using PROXYHOST:PROXYPORT.

--proxyuser=PROXYUSER

 * Specify username for proxy authentication.

--proxypass=PROXYPASS

 * Specify password for proxy authentication.
 * --proxy=PROXYUSER:PROXYPASS@PROXYHOST:PROXYPORT is also possible.

--starttls

 * Use  command to start a TLS connection via SMTP.
 * This option is a shortcut for --starttls=SMTP

--starttls=PROT

 * Use  command to start a TLS connection via protocol.
 * may be any of: ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,


 * For --starttls=SMTP see  --dns-mx  also to use MX records instead
 * of host

--starttls-delay=SEC

 * Number of seconds to wait before sending a packet, to slow down the
 * requests. Default is 0.
 * This may prevent blocking of requests by the target due to too much
 * or too fast connections.
 * Note: In this case there is an automatic suspension and retry with
 * a longer delay.

--cgi, --cgi-exec

 * Internal use for CGI mode only.

--no-rc

 * Do not read RC-FILE.

--rc

 * Read RC-FILE  if exists, from directory where program was found.

--rc=path/to/FILE

 * Read RC-FILE    if exists.

--exitcode

 * The exit status code will be greater 0, if any of following applies:
 * any check returns
 * insecure protocols are available
 * insecure ciphers are supported
 * ciphers without PFS are supported
 * In particular, the status code will be the total count of all these
 * checks.


 * Parts of these checks can be diasabled, see  --exitcode-*  options
 * below.


 * Functionality implemented experimental, may change in future.

--exitcode-no-checks

 * Do not count checks with result 'no' for --exitcode.

--exitcode-no-low --exitcode-no-weak --exitcode-no-medium

 * Do not count,   or   security ciphers for  --exitcode.

--exitcode-no-ciphers

 * Do not count any ciphers for --exitcode.

--exitcode-no-ciphers

 * Do not count any ciphers for --exitcode.

--exitcode-no-pfs

 * Do not count ciphers without PFS for --exitcode.

--openssl-s_client --s_client

 * Use   call to retrieve more informations from
 * the SSL connection. This is disabled by default on Windows because
 * of performance problems. Without this option (default on Windows !)
 * following informations are missing:

compression, expansion, renegotiation, resumption, selfsigned, verify, chain, protocols, DH parameters
 * See Net::SSLinfo for details.


 * If used together with --trace, s_client data will also be printed
 * in debug output of Net::SSLinfo.

--no-openssl

 * Do not use external  tool to retrieve informations. Use of
 * is disabled by default on Windows.
 * Note that this results in some missing informations, see above.

--openssl=TOOL

 * can be a path to openssl executable; default: openssl

--openssl-cnf=FILE --openssl-conf=FILE

 * path of directory or full path of openssl.cnf


 * If set, environment variable OPENSSL_CONF will be set to given path
 * (or file) when openssl(1) is started. Please see openssl's man page
 * for details about specifying alternate openssl.cnf  files.

--openssl-ciphers --force-openssl

 * Use openssl to check for supported ciphers; default: IO::Socket


 * This option forces to use   to
 * check if a cipher is supported by the remote target. This is useful
 * if the --lib=PATH option doesn't work (for example due to changes
 * of the API or other incompatibilities).

--exe-path=PATH --exe=PATH

 * is a full path where to find openssl.

--lib-path=PATH --lib=PATH

 * is a full path where to find libssl.so and libcrypto.so


 * See HACKER's INFO below for a detailed description how it works.

--envlibvar=NAME

 * is the name of a environment variable containing additional
 * paths for searching dynamic shared libraries.
 * Default is LD_LIBRARY_PATH.


 * Check your system for the proper name, i.e.:
 * DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH, LIBPATH, RPATH, SHLIB_PATH.

--ssl-lazy

 * if the --lib=PATH option doesn't work (for example due to changes
 * I.g. this tools tries to identify available functionality according
 * SSL versions from the underlaying libraries. Unsupported  versions
 * are then disables and a warning is shown.
 * Unfortunately some libraries have not implemented all functions to
 * check availability of a specific SSL version, which then results in
 * a compile error.


 * This option disables the strict check of availability.
 * If the underlaying library doesn't support the required SSL version
 * at all, following error may occour:

Can't locate auto/Net/SSLeay/CTX_v2_new.al in @INC ...

--timeout=SEC

 * Timeout in seconds when connecting to the target (default: 2).

-v

 * Print list of ciphers in style like:.
 * Option used with +ciphers  command only.

-V

 * Print list of ciphers in style like:.
 * Option used with +ciphers  command only.

--cipher=CIPHER

 * can be any string accepeted by openssl or following:
 * use all ciphers from list defined herein, see +list


 * Beside the cipher names accepted by openssl, CIPHER can be the name
 * of the constant or the (hex) value as defined in openssl's files.
 * Currently supported are the names and constants of openssl 1.0.1k.
 * Example:


 * --cipher=DHE_DSS_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
 * --cipher=0x03000066
 * --cipher=66
 * will be mapped to  DHE-DSS-RC4-SHA


 * Note: if more than one cipher matches, just one will be selected.
 * Default is  as specified in Net::SSLinfo
 * Default is  as specified in Net::SSLinfo

--socket-reuse

 * TCP socket will be reused for next connection attempt  even if SSL
 * connection failed.

--no-socket-reuse

 * Close TCP socket and then reopen for next connection attempt if SSL
 * connection failed.


 * This is useful for some servers which may return an "TLS alert" if
 * the connection fails and then fail again on the same socket.

--ignore-no-connect

 * A simple check if the target can be connected will be performed by
 * default. If this check fails, the target will be ignored, means no
 * more reuqested checks will be done. As this connection check some-
 * times fails due to various reasons, the check can be disabled using
 * this option.

--no-md5-cipher

 * Do not use *-MD5 ciphers for other protocols than SSLv2.
 * This option is only effective with +cipher  command.


 * The purpose is to avoid warnings from IO::Socket::SSL  like:

Use of uninitialized value in subroutine entry at lib/IO/Socket/SSL.pm line 430.
 * which occours with some versions of IO::Socket::SSL  when a  *-MD5
 * ciphers will be used with other protocols than SSLv2.


 * Note that these ciphers will be checked for SSLv2 only.

--no-SSL

 * can be any of:
 * ssl, ssl2, ssl3, sslv2, sslv3, tls1,
 * tls1, tls11, tls1.1, tls1-1, tlsv1, tlsv11, tlsv1.1, tlsv1-1
 * (and similar variants for tlsv1.2).
 * For example --tls1  --tlsv1  --tlsv1_1  are all the same.


 * (--SSL variants):   Test ciphers for this SSL/TLS version.
 * (--no-SSL variants): Don't test ciphers for this SSL/TLS version.

--no-tcp

 * Shortcut for:
 * --no-sslv2 --no-sslv3 --no-tlsv1 --no-tlsv11 --no-tlsv12 --no-tlsv13

--tcp

 * Shortcut for: --sslv2 --sslv3 --tlsv1 --tlsv11 --tlsv12 --tlsv13

--no-udp

 * Shortcut for:
 * --no-dtlsv09 --no-dtlsv1 --no-dtlsv11 --no-dtlsv12 --no-dtlsv13

--udp

 * Shortcut for: --dtlsv09 --dtlsv1 --dtlsv11 --dtlsv12 --dtlsv13

--nullsslv2

 * This option forces  to assume that  SSLv2  is enabled  even if the
 * target does not accept any ciphers.


 * The target server may accept connections with SSLv2  but not allow
 * any cipher. Some checks verify if SSLv2  is enabled at all,  which
 * then would result in a failed test.
 * The default behaviour is to assume that SSLv2 is not enabled if no
 * ciphers are accepted.

--http

 * Make a HTTP request if cipher is supported.


 * If used twice debugging will be enabled using environment variable

--no-http

 * Do not make HTTP request.
 * Do not make HTTP request.

--sni

 * Make SSL connection in SNI mode.
 * Make SSL connection in SNI mode.

--no-sni

 * Do not make SSL connection in SNI mode (default: SNI mode).

--sni-toggle --toggle-sni

 * Test with and witout SNI mode.

--force-sni

 * Do not check if SNI seems to be supported by Net::SSLeay(1).
 * Older versions of openssl and its libries do not support SNI or the
 * SNI support is implemented buggy. By default it's checked if SNI is
 * properly supported. With this option this check can be disabled.


 * Be warned that this may result in improper results.

--sni-name=NAME

 * Use    instead of given hostname to connect to  target in SNI
 * mode. By default,     is automatically set to the given FQDN.
 * This is insufficient, when an IP instead of a FQDN was given, then
 * the connection needs to specify the correct hostname (i.g. a FQDN).


 * For historical reason, the value  is the same as if the the real
 * FQDN (given hostname) has been used. If the value is empty, or the
 * value  is given, no SNI name will be used.


 * Note: i.g. there is no need to use this option, as a correct value
 * for the SNI name will be choosen automatically (except for IPs).
 * However, it's kind of fuzzing ...

--no-cert

 * Do not get data from target's certificate, return empty string.
 * Do not get data from target's certificate, return empty string.

--no-cert --no-cert

 * Do not get data from target's certificate, return default string
 * of Net::SSLinfo (see --no-cert-text TEXT  option).
 * of Net::SSLinfo (see --no-cert-text TEXT  option).

--no-cert-text=TEXT

 * Set    to be returned from    if no certificate
 * data is collected due to use of --no-cert.
 * data is collected due to use of --no-cert.

--ca-depth=INT

 * Check certificate chain to depth   (like openssl's -verify).
 * Check certificate chain to depth   (like openssl's -verify).

--ca-file=FILE

 * Use    with bundle of CAs to verify target's certificate chain.
 * Use    with bundle of CAs to verify target's certificate chain.

--ca-path=DIR

 * Use    where to find CA certificates in PEM format.
 * Use    where to find CA certificates in PEM format.

--no-nextprotoneg

 * Do not use    option for openssl.
 * Do not use    option for openssl.

--no-reconnect

 * Do not use    option for openssl.
 * Do not use    option for openssl.

--no-tlsextdebug

 * Do not use    option for openssl.
 * Do not use    option for openssl.

--sclient-opt=VALUE

 * Argument or option passed to openssl s_client command.
 * Argument or option passed to openssl s_client command.

--proto-alpn=NAME

 * Name of protocol to be added to list of applcation layer protocols
 * (ALPN), which is used for any connection to the targets.
 * See --cipher-alpn=NAME  also.

--proto-npn=NAME

 * Name of protocol to be added to list of next protocol negotiations
 * (NPN), which is used for any connection to the targets.
 * See --cipher-npn=NAME  also.

--cipher-alpn=NAME

 * Name of protocol to be added to list of applcation layer protocols
 * (ALPN), which is used for cipher checks.


 * --cipher-alpn=,  sets empty list.
 * --cipher-alpn=,, sets list to empty element "".

--cipher-npn=NAME

 * Name of protocol to be added to list of next protocol negotiations
 * (NPN), which is used for cipher checks.


 * --cipher-lpn=,  sets empty list.
 * --cipher-lpn=,, sets list to empty element "".


 * Note: setting empty list or element most likely does not work with
 * openssl executable (i.e. --force-openssl).

--cipher-curve=NAME

 * Name of ecliptic curve to be added to list of ecliptic curves (EC),
 * which is used for cipher checks.


 * --cipher-curve=,  sets empty list.
 * --cipher-curve=,, sets list to empty element "".


 * Note: setting empty list or element most likely does not work with
 * openssl executable (i.e. --force-openssl).

--cipherrange=RANGE

 * Specify range of cipher constants to be tested by +cipherall.
 * Following s are supported:


 * all ciphers defined in various RFCs
 * , shifted by 64 bytes to the right
 * like  but more lazy list of
 * all constants 0x03000000 .. 0x0300FFFF
 * all constants 0x03000000 .. 0x032FFFFF
 * all constants 0x03000000 .. 0x0300FFFF
 * all ciphers according RFC for SSLv2


 * Note:  is the internal list used for testing SSLv2 ciphers.
 * It does not make sense to use it for other protocols; however ...

--slow-server-delay=SEC

 * Additional delay in seconds after the server is connected  using a
 * proxy or before starting STARTTLS.
 * This is useful when connecting via slow proxy chains or connecting
 * to slow servers before sending the STARTTLS sequence.

--ssl-maxciphers=CNT

 * Maximal number of ciphers sent in a sslhello (default: 32).

--ssl-double-reneg

 * Send SSL extension "reneg_info"  even if list of ciphers includes
 * TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV (default: do not include)

--ssl-nodata-nocipher

 * Do not abort testing for next cipher when the target responds with
 * "NoData" times out. Useful for TLS intolerant servers.
 * By default testing for ciphers is aborted when the target responds
 * with "noData message.

--ssl-use-ecc

 * Use supported elliptic curves. Default on.

--ssl-use-ec-point

 * Use TLS "ec_point_formats" extension. Default on.

--ssl-use-reneg

 * Test for ciphers with "secure renegotiation" flag set.
 * Default: don't set "secure renegotiation" flag.

--ssl-retry=CNT

 * Number of retries when connection timed-out (default: 2).

--ssl-timeout=SEC

 * Number of seconds to wait until connection is qualified as timeout.

--dns-mx, --mx

 * Get DNS MX records for given target and check the returned targets.
 * (only useful with --starttls=SMTP)

Options for checks and results

 * Options used for +check  command:
 * Options used for +check  command:

--enabled

 * Only print result for ciphers accepted by target.
 * Only print result for ciphers accepted by target.

--disabled

 * Only print result for ciphers not accepted by target.
 * Only print result for ciphers not accepted by target.

--ignorecase

 * Checks are done case insensitive.
 * Checks are done case insensitive.

--no-ignorecase

 * Checks are done case sensitive. Default: case insensitive.
 * Currently only checks according CN, alternate names in the target's
 * certificate compared to the given hostname are effected.

--ignore-no-reply

 * When checking for the TLS heartbeat extension,  the server may not
 * respond at all, which would result in a "no reply"  message.  This
 * marks the check for +heartbleed  as.
 * I.g. a server is  not vulnerable to the  heartbleed attack  if the
 * TLS heartbeat extension is disabled. Hence the  check result
 * may be mis-leading. This option  treats the  "no reply"  result as
 * "not vulnerable" and returns    then.


 * Note: if the server does not respond for this check, does not mean
 * that the heartbeat extension is switched off. So if unsure, disable
 * this lazy check with --no-ignore-no-reply.

--short

 * Use short less descriptive text labels for +check   and  +info
 * command.
 * command.

--legacy=TOOL

 * For compatibility with other tools, the output format used for the
 * result of the +cipher command can be adjusted to mimic the format
 * of other SSL testing tools.


 * The argument to the --legacy=TOOL option is the name of the tool
 * to be simulated.


 * Following s are supported:


 * format of output similar to sslaudit
 * format of output similar to ssl-cipher-check
 * format of output similar to ssldiagnos
 * format of output similar to sslscan
 * format of output similar to ssltest
 * format of output similar to ssltest -g
 * format of output similar to ssltest -g
 * format of output similar to sslyze
 * same as sslcipher
 * format of output similar to ssl-cert-check
 * format of output similar to TestSSLServer.jar
 * format of output similar to THCSSLCheck


 * Note that these legacy formats only apply to output of the checked
 * ciphers. Other texts like headers and footers are adapted slightly.


 * Please do not expect identical output as the   when using these
 * options, it's a best guess and should be parsable in a very similar
 * way.

--legacy=compact

 * Internal format: mainly avoid tabs and spaces format is as follows:

Some Label:<-- anything right of colon is data

--legacy=full

 * Internal format: pretty print each label in its own line, followed
 * by data prepended by tab character (useful for +info  only).

--legacy=quick

 * Internal format: use tab as separator; ciphers are printed with bit
 * length (implies --tab).

--legacy=simple

 * Internal default format.

--legacy=key

 * Internal format: print name of key instead of text as label. Key is
 * that of the internal data structure(s). For ciphers and protocols,
 * the corresponding hex value is used as key. Note that these values
 * are unique.

--format=FORM

 * Print raw data as passed from Net::SSLinfo.


 * Note: all data will be printed as is,  without additional label
 * or formatting. It's recommended to use the option in conjunction
 * with exactly one command. Otherwise the user needs  to know how
 * to "read" the printed data.


 * Convert some data to hex: 2 bytes separated by.
 * Convert some data with hex values:
 * 2 bytes preceded by  and separated by a space.


 * Same as --format=\x
 * Convert some data with hex values:
 * 2 bytes preceded by  and no separating char.

--header

 * Print formatting header. Default for  +check, +info, +quick.
 * and +cipher  only.
 * and +cipher  only.

--no-header

 * Do not print formatting header.
 * Usefull if raw output should be passed to other programs.


 * Note: must be used on command line to inhibit all header lines.

--no-output=CMD

 * Do not print output (data or check result) for command.
 * is any valid command, see COMMANDS,  without leading.
 * Option can be used multiple times.

--score

 * Print scoring results. Default for +check.
 * Print scoring results. Default for +check.

--no-score

 * Do not print scoring results.
 * Do not print scoring results.

--sep=CHAR

 * will be used as separator between label and value of the
 * printed results. Default is
 * printed results. Default is

--tab

 * character (0x09, \t) will be used  as separator between  label
 * and value of the printed results.
 * As label and value are already separated by a    character, this
 * options is only useful in conjunction with the  --legacy=compact
 * option.

--showhost

 * Prefix each printed line with the given hostname (target).
 * The hostname will be followed by the separator character.

--win-CR

 * Print windows-Style with CR LF as end of line. Default is NL only.
 * Print windows-Style with CR LF as end of line. Default is NL only.

Options for compatibility with other programs

 * Please see other programs for detailed description (if not obvious:).
 * Note that often only the long form options are accepted as most short
 * form options are ambiguous.
 * If other programs use the same option,but with a different behaviour,
 * then thes other options are not supported.
 * For a list of supported options, please see:

o-saft.pl --help=alias


 * Following list contains only those options not shown with:

o-saft.pl --help=alias

Tool's Option       (Tool)          o-saft.pl Option +---+--- --checks CMD        (TLS-Check.pl)  same as +CMD -h, -h=HOST        (various tools) same as --host HOST -p, -p=PORT        (various tools) same as --port PORT -t HOST            (ssldiagnos)    same as --host HOST --protocol SSL     (ssldiagnos)    same as --SSL --UDP              (ssldiagnos)    same as --udp --insecure         (cnark.pl)      ignored --nopct --nocolor  (ssldiagnos)    ignored --timeout, --grep  (ssltest.pl)    ignored -r, -s,  -t,  -x   (ssltest.pl)    ignored -connect, -H, -u, -url, -U         ignored -noSSL                             same as --no-SSL -no_SSL                            same as --no-SSL +---+---


 * For definition of    see  --SSL  and  --no-SSL  above.

Options for customization

 * For general descriptions please see CUSTOMIZATION  section below.
 * For general descriptions please see CUSTOMIZATION  section below.

--cfg_cmd=CMD=LIST

 * Redefine list of commands. Sets %cfg{cmd-CMD}  to  .  Commands
 * can be written without the leading.
 * If    is any of the known internal commands, it will be redifned.
 * If    is a unknown command, it will be created.


 * Example:  --cfg_cmd=sni=sni hostname


 * To get a list of commands and their settings, use:

o-saft.pl --help=intern


 * Main purpose is to reduce list of commands or to print them sorted.
 * An example +preload  can be found in.

--cfg_score=KEY=SCORE

 * Redefine value for scoring. Sets %checks{KEY}{score}  to  SCORE.
 * Most score values are set to 10 by default. Values  ..   are
 * allowed.


 * To get a list of current score settings, use:

o-saft.pl --help=score


 * For deatils how scoring works, please see  SCORING  section.


 * Use the --trace-key  option for the  +info  and/or  +check
 * command to get the values for KEY.

--cfg_checks=KEY=TEXT --cfg_data=KEY=TEXT

 * Redefine texts used for labels in output. Sets %data{KEY}{txt}  or
 * %checks{KEY}{txt} to  TEXT.


 * To get a list of preconfigured labels, use:

o-saft.pl --help=cfg_checks o-saft.pl --help=cfg_data

--cfg_text=CIPHER=value

 * Redefine the security value (i.e. HIGH) in the cipher description.
 * Example:

o-saft.pl --cfg-cipher=NULL-MD5=no-security-at-all ...

--cfg_text=KEY=TEXT

 * Redefine general texts used in output. Sets %text{KEY}  to.


 * To get a list of preconfigured texts, use:

o-saft.pl --help=cfg_text


 * Note that \n, \r and \t are replaced by the corresponding character
 * when read from RC-FILE.

--cfg_hint=KEY=TEXT

 * Redefine texts used for hints. Sets %cfg{hints}{KEY}  to  TEXT.


 * To get a list of preconfigured texts, use:

o-sat.pl --help=cfg-hint

--call=METHOD

 * See Options for SSL tool
 * See Options for SSL tool

--usr

 * Execute functions defined in o-saft-usr.pm.
 * Execute functions defined in o-saft-usr.pm.

--user-*

 * Options ignored, but stored as is internal in $cfg{usr-args}.
 * These options can be used in o-saft-usr.pm  or  o-saft-dbx.pm.

--experimental

 * Use experimental functionality.
 * Some functionality of this tool is under development and only used
 * when this option is given.
 * when this option is given.

--n

 * Do not execute, just show commands (only useful in conjunction with
 * using openssl).

Difference --trace vs. --v

 * While --v  is used to print more data, --trace is used to print
 * more information about internal data such as procedure names and/or
 * variable names and program flow.

--verbose

 * Print more information about checks.
 * Note that this option should be first otherwise some debug messages
 * are missing.
 * Note that --v  is different from  -v  (see above).
 * Note that --v  is different from  -v  (see above).
 * Note that --v  is different from  -v  (see above).

--v --v

 * Print remotely checked ciphers.

--v-cipher --cipher-v

 * Print remotely checked ciphers.
 * In contrast to --v --v  above,  this just prints the ciphers while
 * while being checked, but no other verbose messages.

--trace

 * Print debugging messages.

--trace --trace

 * Print more debugging messages and pass  to Net::SSLeay and
 * Net::SSLinfo.

--trace --trace --trace

 * Print more debugging messages and pass  to Net::SSLeay and
 * Net::SSLinfo.

--trace --trace --trace --trace

 * Print processing of all command line arguments.

--trace-arg

 * Print command line argument processing.

--trace-cmd

 * Trace execution of command processing (those given as +*).

--trace-key

 * Print some internal variable names in output texts (labels).
 * Variable names are prefixed to printed line and enclosed in.
 * Example without --trace-key :

Certificate Serial Number:         deadbeef


 * Example with   --trace-key :

#serial#         Certificate Serial Number:          deadbeef

--trace=VALUE

 * Trace Option       Alias Option


 * --trace=1                         same as --trace
 * --trace=2                         same as --trace --trace
 * --trace=arg                       same as --trace-arg
 * --trace=cmd                       same as --trace-cmd
 * --trace=key                       same as --trace-key

--trace-time

 * Prints timestamp in trace output. More timestamps are printed if
 * used together with --trace-cmd.
 * used together with --trace-cmd.

--trace=FILE

 * Use  instead of the default rc-file (.o-saft.pl, see RC-FILE).

--trace-me

 * Print debugging messages for  only, but not any modules.

--trace-not-me

 * Print debugging messages for modules only, but not  istself.

--trace-sub +traceSUB

 * Print formatted list of internal functions with their description.
 * Not to be intended in conjunction with any target check.

--hint

 * Print hint messages (!!Hint:).

--no-hint

 * Do not print hint messages (!!Hint:).

--warning

 * Print warning messages (**WARNING:).

--no-warning

 * Do not print warning messages (**WARNING:).

--exit=KEY

 * For debugging only: terminate  at specified.
 * For  please see:

Options vs. Commands

 * For compatibility with other programs and lazy users, some arguments
 * looking like options are silently taken as commands. This means that
 * --THIS becomes  +THIS  then. These options are:


 * --help
 * --abbr
 * --todo
 * --chain
 * --default
 * --fingerprint
 * --list
 * --version


 * Take care that this behaviour may be removed in future versions as it
 * conflicts with those options and commands which actually exist, like:


 * --sni vs.  +sni

Commands

 * Following strings are treated as a command instead of target names:


 * ciphers
 * s_client
 * version


 * A warning will be printed.

Options

 * We support following options, which are all identical, for lazy users
 * and for compatibility with other programs.

Option Variants

 * --port PORT
 * --port=PORT


 * This applies to most such options, --port  is just an example.
 * When used in the RC-FILE, the --OPTION=VALUE variant must be used.

Option Names

 * Dash , dot    and/or  underscore     in option names are optional,
 * all following are the same:
 * --no.dns
 * --no-dns
 * --no_dns
 * --nodns
 * This applies to all such options, --no-dns is just an example.
 * This applies to all such options, --no-dns is just an example.
 * This applies to all such options, --no-dns is just an example.

Targets
o-saft.pl http://some.tld other.tld:3889/some/path?a=b
 * Following syntax is supported also:
 * Following syntax is supported also:
 * Note that only the hostname and the port are used from an URL.
 * Note that only the hostname and the port are used from an URL.

Options vs. Commands

 * See Options vs. Commands  in  OPTIONS  section above
 * See Options vs. Commands  in  OPTIONS  section above

CHECKS

 * All SSL related check performed by the tool will be described here.

General Checks

 * Lookup the IP of the given hostname (FQDN), and then tries to reverse
 * resolve the FQDN again.

SSL Ciphers

 * Check which ciphers are supported by target. Please see RESULTS for
 * details of this check.

heartbeat

 * Check if heartbead extension is supported by target.

poodle

 * Check if target is vulnerable to POODLE attack (SSLv3 enabled).

sloth

 * Check if target is vulnerable to SLOTH attack (server offeres RSA-MD5
 * or ECDSA-MD5 ciphers).

sweet32

 * Check if target is vulnerable to Sweet32 attack (server offers CBC or
 * CBC3 or DES or 3DES ciphers).


 * Note that FIPS-140 compliance requires 3DES ciphers, hence compliant
 * systems are then vulnerable to Sweet32 attacks.

ALPN
ALPN protocol: h2-14 No ALPN negotiated
 * Check if target supports ALPN. Following messages are evaluated:


 * Please see also CHECKS ALPN and NPN  below.

ADH

 * Check if ciphers for anonymous key exchange are supported: ADH|DHA.
 * Such key exchanges can be sniffed.

EDH

 * Check if ephemeral ciphers are supported: DHE|EDH.
 * They are necessary to support Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS).

BEAST

 * Check if ciphers with CBC for protocol SSLv1, SSLv3 or TLSv1 are used.
 * TLSv1.2 checks are not yet implemented.

CRIME

 * Connection is vulnerable if target supports SSL-level compression.

DROWN

 * Connection is vulnerable if target supports SSLv2 (with at least one cipher).

FREAK

 * Attack Against SSL/TLS to downgrade to EXPORT ciphers.
 * Currently (2015) a simple check is used:  SSLv3 enabled and EXPORT
 * ciphers supported by server.
 * See CVE-2015-0204 and https://freakattack.com/.

HEARTBLEED

 * Check if target is vulnerable to heartbleed attack, see CVE-2014-0160
 * and http://heartbleed.com/.

HEIST

 * Not implemented.


 * There are no checks for the HEIST attack implemented, because this is
 * an attack on TCP/IP rather than SSL/TLS on top of TCP/IP.

KCI

 * Not implemented.


 * To perform a MiTM attack with Key Compromise Impersonation, the atta-
 * cker needs to engage the victim to install and use a client certificate.
 * This is considered a low risk and hence not tested here.

Logjam

 * Check if target is vulenerable to Logjam attack.
 * Check if target suports EXPORT ciphers  and/or  DH Parameter is less
 * than 2048 bits.

Lucky 13

 * Check if CBC ciphers are offered.
 * NOTE the recommendation to be safe againts Lucky 13  was to use RC4
 * ciphers. But they are also subjetc to attacks (see below). Hence the
 * check is only for CBC ciphers.

RC4

 * Check if RC4 ciphers are supported.
 * They are assumed to be broken.
 * Note that +rc4  reports the vulnerabilitiy to the RC4 Attack, while
 * +rc4_cipher simply reports if RC4 ciphers are offered.  However the
 * the check, and hence the result, is the same.

PFS

 * Check if DHE ciphers are used. Also check if the TLS session ticket
 * is random or not used at all.
 * Currently (2015) only a simple check is used: only DHE ciphers used.
 * Which is any cipher with DHE or ECDHE. SSLv2 does not support PFS.
 * TLSv1.2 checks are not yet implemented.

POODLE

 * Check if target is vulnerable to POODLE attack (just check if SSLv3
 * is enabled).

Practical Invalid Curve Attack

 * This attack allows an attacker to read the servers private key if the
 * server does not check properly the passed points for a ecliptic curve
 * when EDH ciphers are used.


 * This check will not send multiple invalid points, but only checks if
 * the server closes the connection or responds with no matching cipher.

SLOTH

 * Currently (2016) we check for ciphers with ECDSA, RSA-MD5.
 * Checking the TLS extension 'tls-unique' is not yet implemented.

Sweet32

 * Currently (2016) we check for ciphers with CBC or CBC3 or DES or 3DES.

BEAST, BREACH, CRIME, DROWN, FREAK, Logjam, Lucky 13, POODLE, RC4, SLOTH, Sweet32

 * See above.

Renegotiation

 * Check if the server allows client-side initiated renegotiation.

Version rollback attacks

 * NOT YET IMPLEMENTED
 * Check if the server allows changing the protocol.

DH Parameter

 * Check if target's DH Parameter is less 512 or  2048 bits.

Certificate Hashes

 * Check that fingerprint is not MD5.
 * Check that certificate private key signature is SHA2 or better.

Root CA

 * Provided certificate by target should not be a Root CA.

Self-signed Certificate

 * Certificate should not be self-signed.

FQDN is listed in subjectAltname (RFC2818)

 * The FQDN must be listed in the certificates subjectAltname.
 * The check command +rfc_2818_names  is based on the info command
 * +verify_hostname . The check was added in 05/2017 because browsers
 * started to complain if the FQDN is not part of the subjectAltname.

IP in CommonName or subjectAltname (RFC6125)

 * NOT YET IMPLEMENTED

Basic Constraints

 * Certificate extension Basic Constraints should be.

OCSP, CRL, CPS

 * Certificate should contain URL for OCSP and CRL.

Private Key encyption

 * Certificates signature key supports encryption.

Private Key encyption well known

 * Certificates signature key encryption algorithm is well known.

Public Key encyption

 * Certificates public key supports encryption.

Public Key encyption well known

 * Certificates public key encryption algorithm is well known.

Public Key Modulus size

 * Some (historic) SSL implementations are subject to buffer overflow if
 * the key exceeds 16384 or 32768 bits. The check is against 16384 bits.

Public Key Modulus Exponent size

 * The modulus exponent should be = 65537 as it is a prime number and an
 * easy to calculate exponent.
 * If the exponent is less than 65537, "Boradcast" attacks are possible.


 * However, some (mainly historic) SSL implementations may have problems
 * to connect because they are not able to do the crypt mathematics with
 * exponenents larger than 65536.


 * If ecliptive curves are used, the result for these checks is always

Sizes and Lengths of Certificate Settings

 * Serial Number <= 20 octets (RFC5280, 4.1.2.2. Serial Number)



DV-SSL - Domain Validation Certificate

 * The Certificate must provide:


 * Common Name  field
 * Common Name  in    or   field
 * Domain name in  or   field

EV-SSL - Extended Validation Certificate

 * This check is performed according the requirements defined by the CA/
 * Browser Forum https://www.cabforum.org/contents.html.
 * The Certificate must provide:
 * DV - Domain Validation Certificate (see above)
 * Organization name  Cn subject field
 * Organization name must be less to 64 characters
 * Business Category  in   field
 * Registration Number  in   field
 * Address of Place of Business in  field


 * Required are:,  ,


 * Optional are: ,
 * Validation period does not exceed 27 month


 * See LIMITATIONS  also.

STS header (see RFC 6797)

 * Using STS is no perfect security. While the very first request using
 * http: is always prone to a MiTM attack, MiTM is possible to following
 * requests again, if STS is not well implemented on the server.
 * Request with http: should be redirected to https:
 * Redirects should use status code 301 (even others will work)
 * Redirect's Location header must contain schema https:
 * Redirect's Location header must redirect to same FQDN
 * Redirect may use Refresh instead of Location header (not RFC6797)
 * Redirects from HTTP must not contain STS header
 * Answer from redirected page (HTTPS) must contain STS header
 * Answer from redirected page for IP must not contain STS header
 * STS header must contain includeSubDirectoy directive
 * STS header max-age should be less than 1 month
 * STS must not be set in http-equiv attribute of a meta TAG

STS header preload attribute (+preload)

 * To satisfy the requirements on    the
 * HSTS header must:
 * have the max-age with at least 18 weeks (10886400 seconds)
 * have the includeSubDomains attribute
 * have the preload attribute
 * redirect to https first, then to sub-domains (if redirected)
 * have an HSTS header in each redirect to https.


 * Additionally, the site must have:
 * a valid certificate
 * serve all subdomains over https.


 * Except the last requirement, +preload  will do the checks.
 * Note that +preload  is defined in     only.

Public Key Pins header

 * TBD - to be described ...

Sizes

 * Mainly in the certificate various counts, lengths and sizes of values
 * are checked and reported. All commands for these checks start with
 * or  .  Up to now, there is no     or     value
 * for these checks.


 * Following commands will check the value to be in a specific range to
 * become    or   :
 * +sts_maxage1d      - yes if HSTS maxage < 1 day
 * +sts_maxage1m      - yes if HSTS maxage < 1 month
 * +sts_maxage1y      - yes if HSTS maxage < 1 year
 * +sts_maxage18      - yes if HSTS maxage < 18 weeks (5 months)
 * +sts_maxagexy      - yes if HSTS maxage > 1 year
 * +modulus_exp_1     - Public Key Modulus Exponent <>1
 * +modulus_exp_65537 - Public Key Modulus Exponent =65537
 * +modulus_exp_oldssl - Public Key Modulus Exponent <65537
 * +modulus_size_oldssl - Public Key Modulus <16385 bits


 * For some details of these cjecks, please see the description above at
 * "Public Key Modulus Exponent size"


 * The recommendations for DH parameters (RSA and ecliptice curve)  are
 * are checked as follows:
 * +dh_512            - DH Parameter >= 512 bits
 * +dh_2048           - DH Parameter >= 2048 bits
 * +ecdh_256          - DH Parameter >= 256 bits (ECDH)
 * +ecdh_512          - DH Parameter >= 512 bits (ECDH)
 * Note that only one of the checks    and     can return

ALPN and NPN

 * The commands for the checks to report    or  , are  +hasalpn
 * and +hasnpn.
 * Both, the Application Layer Protocol Negotiation (ALPN) and the Next
 * Protocol Negotiation (NPN) will be tested. The commands for that are:
 * +alpns
 * +npns
 * Each, ALPN and NPN, is tested separately with all known protocols.
 * The test sets only one protocol, tries to make a connection and then
 * checks if the protocol was accepted by the server. The collected list
 * of protocols will be printed with the aforementioned commands, or the
 * +info command. Note the difference for the commands  +next_protocols
 * and +alpns, where  +next_protocols  simply reports  what  the server
 * itself advertises, while +alpns  reports what the server supports if
 * asked for.
 * itself advertises, while +alpns  reports what the server supports if
 * asked for.

Compliances

 * Note that it is not possible to satisfy all following compliances. Best
 * match is: PSF and ISM and PCI and lazy BSI TR-02102-2.


 * In general it is difficult to satisfy all conditions of a compliances,
 * and it is also difficult to check all these conditions. That's why some
 * of the compliances checks are not completely implemented,  for details
 * please see blow.


 * Note that output of results of some checks is disabled in the RC-FILE
 * by default. A "**Hint:"  message will be printed, if any of these checks
 * are used.


 * FIPS-140
 * ISM
 * PCI
 * BSI TR-02102 (2016-01)
 * BSI TR-03116-4
 * RFC 2818
 * RFC 6125
 * RFC 6797
 * RFC 7525

BSI TR-02102-2 (+tr-02102+ tr-02102- +bsi)

 * Checks if connection and ciphers are compliant according TR-02102-2,
 * see https://www.bsi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/BSI/Publikationen
 * /TechnischeRichtlinien/TR02102/BSI-TR-02102-2_pdf.pdf?__blob=publicationFile


 * (following headlines are taken from TR-02102-2 Version 2016-01)


 * 3.1.3 Schlüssellängen bei EC-Verfahren


 * 3.2  SSL/TLS_Versionen


 * Only TLSv1.2 allowed (except for +tr-02102- which also allows
 * TLSv1.1)


 * 3.3.1 Empfohlene Cipher Suites


 * Allows only *DHE-*-SHA256, *DHE-*-SHA384, *DH-*-SHA256 and
 * *DH-*-SHA384 ciphers and PSK ciphers with ephermeral keys.
 * For +tr-02102+  they must be AES-GCM,  +tr02102- also allows
 * AES-CBC.


 * 3.3.2 Übergangsregelungen


 * SHA1 temporary allowed. SHA256 and SHA384 recommended.
 * RC4 not reocmmended.
 * Use of SHA1 will only be checked for +tr-02102+


 * 3.4.1 Session Renegotation


 * Only server-side (secure) renegotiation allowed (see RFC5280).


 * 3.4.2 Verkürzung der HMAC-Ausgabe


 * Truncated HMAC according RFC 6066 not recommended.


 * 3.4.3 TLS-Kompression und der CRIME-Angriff


 * No TLS compression.


 * 3.4.4 Der Lucky 13-Angriff
 * 3.4.5 Die "Encrypt-thn-MAC"-Erweiterung


 * Use of AES-GCM ciphers only.
 * Use of Encrypt-then-MAC according RFC 7366 cannot be checked.


 * 3.4.6 Die Heartbeat-Erweiterung


 * Target must not support the heartbeat extension.


 * 3.4.7 Die Extended Master Secret Extension


 * Use of Extended Master Secret Extension according RFC 7627 cannot
 * be checked.


 * 3.5 Authentisierung der Kommunikationspartner


 * Not checked as only applicable for VPN connections.


 * 3.6 Domainparameter und Schlüssellängen


 * Check if signature key is > 2000 bits.


 * 3.6.1 Verwendung von elliptischen Kurven


 * **NOT YET IMPLEMENTED**


 * Use only following curves according RFC 5639 and RFC 7027:
 * brainpoolP256r1, brainpoolP384r1, brainpoolP512r1


 * Use of secp256r1 and secp384r1 temporary allowed.


 * 4.1 Schlüsselspeicherung


 * This requirement is not testable from remote.


 * 4.1 Umgang mit Ephemeralschlüsseln


 * This requirement is not testable from remote.


 * 4.3 Zufallszahlen


 * This requirement is not testable from remote.

BSI TR-03116-4 (+tr-03116+ +tr-03116- +bsi)

 * Checks if connection and ciphers are compliant according TR-03116-4,
 * see https://www.bsi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/BSI/Publikationen
 * /TechnischeRichtlinien/TR03116/BSI-TR-03116-4.pdf?__blob=publicationFile


 * (following headlines are taken from there)


 * 2.1.1 TLS-Versionen und Sessions


 * Allows only TLS 1.2.


 * 2.1.2 Cipher Suites


 * Cipher suites must be ECDHE-ECDSA or -RSA with AES128 and SHA265.
 * For curiosity, stronger cipher suites with AES256 and/or SHA384 are
 * not not allowed. To follow this curiosity the +bsi-tr-03116- (lazy)
 * check allows the stronger cipher suites ;-)


 * 2.1.1 TLS-Versionen und Sessions


 * The TLS session lifetime must not exceed 2 days.


 * 2.1.4.2 Encrypt-then-MAC-Extension


 * 2.1.4.3 OCSP-Stapling


 * MUST have.


 * 4.1.1 Zertifizierungsstellen/Vertrauensanker


 * Certificate must provide all root CAs. (NOT YET IMPLEMENTED).


 * Should use a small certificate trust chain.


 * 4.1.2 Zertifikate


 * Must have  or.


 * End-user certificate must not be valid longer than 3 years.
 * Root-CA certificate must not be valid longer than 5 years.


 * Certificate extension  must exist, and should be
 * a small value ("small" is not defined).


 * All certificates must contain the extension.


 * Wildcards for  or   or   are not allowed
 * in any certificate.


 * EV certificates are recommended (NOT YET checked properly).


 * 4.1.3 Zertifikatsverifikation


 * Must verify all certificates in the chain down to their root-CA.
 * (NOT YET IMPLEMENTED).


 * Certificate must be valid according issue and expire date.


 * All Checks must be doen for all certificates in the chain.


 * 4.1.4 Domainparameter und Schlüssellängen


 * This requirement is not testable from remote.


 * 4 5.2 Zufallszahlen


 * This requirement is not testable from remote.

RFC 2818 (+rfc2818)

 * Check if the FQDN is listed in the certificates.

RFC 6125 (+rfc6125)

 * Checks values,   and    of the
 * certificate for:
 * must all be valid characters for DNS
 * must not contain more than one wildcards
 * must not contain invalid wildcards
 * must not contain invalid IDN characters

RFC 6797 (+rfc6797)

 * Same as STS header +hsts.

RFC 7525 (+rfc7525)

 * Checks if connection and ciphers are compliant according RFC 7525.
 * See http://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc7525.txt
 * (following headlines are taken from there)


 * 3.1.1. SSL/TLS Protocol Versions


 * SSLv2 and SSLv3 must not be supportetd.
 * TLSv1 should only be supported if there is no TLSv1.1 or TLSv1.2.
 * Either TLSv1.1 or TLSv1.2 must be supported, prefered is TLSv1.2.


 * 3.1.2. DTLS Protocol Versions


 * DTLSv1 and DTLSv1.1 must not be supported.


 * 3.1.3. Fallback to Lower Versions


 * (check implecitely done by 3.1.1, see above)


 * 3.2. Strict TLS


 * Check if server provides Strict Transport Security.
 * (STARTTLS check NOT YET IMPLEMENTED).


 * 3.3. Compression


 * Compression on TLS must not be supported.


 * 3.4. TLS Session Resumption


 * Server must support resumtion and random session tickets.
 * (Randomnes of session tickets implemented YET experimental.)


 * Check if ticket is authenticated and encrypted NOT YET IMPLEMENTED.


 * 3.5. TLS Renegotiation


 * Server must support renegotiation.


 * 3.6. Server Name Indication


 * (Check for SNI support implemented experimental.)


 * 4. Recommendations: Cipher Suites


 * 4.1. General Guidelines
 * 4.2. Recommended Cipher Suites


 * Check for recommended ciphers.


 * 4.3. Public Key Length


 * DH parameter must be at least 256 bits or 2048 its with EC.
 * (Check currently, 4/2016, based on openssl which may not provide DH
 * parameters for all ciphers.)


 * 4.5. Truncated HMAC


 * TLS extension "truncated hmac" must not be used.


 * 6. Security Considerations
 * 6.1. Host Name Validation


 * Given hostname must matches hostname in certificate's subject.


 * 6.2. AES-GCM
 * 6.3. Forward Secrecy
 * 6.4. Diffie-Hellman Exponent Reuse
 * (NOT YET IMPLEMENTED).


 * 6.5. Certificate Revocation


 * OCSP and CRL Distrbution Point in cetificate must be defined.

OUTPUT

 * All output is designed to make it easily parsable by postprocessors.
 * Following rules are used:


 * Lines for formatting or header lines start with.
 * Lines for verbosity or tracing start with.
 * Errors and warnings start with.
 * Empty lines are comments ;-)
 * Label texts end with a separation character; default is.
 * Label and value for all checks are separated by at least one  TAB :character.
 * Texts for additional information are enclosed in    and.
 * is used when no proper informations was found or provided.


 * Replace   by whatever you think is adequate:  "No answer",
 * "Not available", "Not applicable",  ...


 * Lines not described above, will have the form (be default):

Label for information or check: TABresult


 * For more details on these lines, please refer to RESULTS  above.


 * When used in --legacy=full  or  --legacy=simple  mode, the output
 * may contain formatting lines for better (human) readability.

Postprocessing Output

 * It is recommended to use the --legacy=quick  option, if the output
 * should be postprocessed, as it omits the default separation character
 * (, see above) and just uses on single tab character (0x09, \t  or
 * TAB) to separate the label text from the text of the result. Example:

Label of the performed checkTABresult


 * More examples for postprocessing the output can be found here:
 * https://github.com/OWASP/O-Saft/blob/master/contrib

CUSTOMIZATION

 * This tools can be customized as follows:


 * Using command line options


 * This is a simple way to redefine specific settings.  Please  see
 * CONFIGURATION OPTIONS below.


 * Using Configuration file


 * A configuration file can contain multiple configuration settings.
 * Syntax is simply KEY=VALUE. Please see CONFIGURATION FILE below.


 * Using resource files


 * A resource file can contain multiple command line options. Syntax
 * is the same as for command line options iteself. Each  directory
 * may contain its own resource file. Please see RC-FILE  below.


 * Using debugging files


 * These files are --nomen est omen-- used for debugging purposes.
 * However, they can be (mis-)used to redefine all settings too.
 * Please see DEBUG-FILE  below.


 * Using user specified code


 * This file contains user specified  program code.  It can also be
 * (mis-)used to redefine all settings. Please see USER-FILE below.


 * Customization is done by redefining values in internal data structure
 * which are: %cfg,  %data,  %checks,  %text,  %scores.


 * Unless used in DEBUG-FILE  or  USER-FILE,  there is  no need to know
 * these internal data structures or the names of variables; the options
 * will set the proper values.  The key names being part of the option,
 * are printed in output with the --trace-key  option.


 * I.g. texts (values) of keys in %data are those used in output of the
 * section. Texts of keys in %checks are used for output
 * in  section.  And texts of keys in  %text  are used
 * for additional information lines or texts (mainly beginning with ).

Configuration File vs. RC-FILE vs. DEBUG-FILE

 * CONFIGURATION FILE


 * Configuration Files must be specified with one of the  --cfg_*
 * options. The specified file can be a valid path. Please note that
 * only the characters: a-zA-Z_0-9,.\/-  are allowed as pathname.
 * Syntax in configuration file is:    where   is any
 * key as used in internal data structure.
 * the keys in output).


 * RC-FILE


 * Resource files are searched for and used automatically.
 * For details see RC-FILE below.


 * DEBUG-FILE


 * Debug files are searched for and used automatically.
 * For details see DEBUG-FILE below.


 * USER-FILE


 * The user program file is included only if the --usr option was
 * used. For details see USER-FILE  below.

CONFIGURATION OPTIONS

 * Configuration options are used to redefine texts and labels or score
 * settings used in output. The options are:


 * --cfg-cmd=KEY=LIST
 * --cfg-checks=KEY=TEXT
 * --cfg-data=KEY=TEXT
 * --cfg-hint=KEY=TEXT
 * --cfg-text=KEY=TEXT
 * --cfg-cipher=CIPHER=TEXT


 * is the key used in the internal data structure, and   is the
 * value to be set for this key. Note that unknown keys will be ignored
 * silently.


 * If    is an exiting filename,  all lines from that file are
 * read and set. For details see CONFIGURATION FILE  below.


 * must be a valid cipher suite name as shown with:

o-saft.pl ciphers


 * NOTE that such configuration options should be used before any --help
 * or --help=*  option, otherwise the changed setting is not visible.

CONFIGURATION FILE

 * Note that the file can contain    pairs for any kind of the
 * configuration as given by the --cfg_CFG  option.


 * For example when used with  --cfg_text=file only values for  %text
 * will be set, when used with  --cfg_data=file only values for %data
 * will be set, and so on.    is not used when     is an existing
 * filename. Though, it's recommended to use a non-existing key, i.e.:
 * --cfg-text=my_file=some/path/to/private/file.

RC-FILE

 * The rc-file will be searched for in the working directory only.


 * The name of the rc-file is the name of the program file prefixed by a
 * (dot), for example:.


 * A rc-file  can contain any of the commands and options valid for the
 * tool itself. The syntax for them is the same as on command line. Each
 * command or option must be in a single line. Any empty or comment line
 * will be ignored. Comment lines start with    or.


 * Note that options with arguments must be used as    instead
 * of.


 * Configurations options must be written like
 * where "CFG" is any of: cmd, check, data, text or score  and "KEY is
 * any key from internal data structure (see above).


 * All commands and options given on command line will overwrite  those
 * found in the rc-file.

DEBUG-FILE

 * All debugging functionality is defined in o-saft-dbx.pm, which will
 * be searched for using paths available in perl's    variable.


 * Syntax in this file is perl code. For details see  DEBUG  below.

USER-FILE

 * All user functionality is defined in o-saft-usr.pm,  which will be
 * searched for using paths available in perl's    variable.


 * Syntax in this file is perl code.


 * All functions defined in o-saft-usr.pm  are called when the option
 * --usr was given. The functions are defined as empty stub, any code
 * can be inserted as need. Please see  perldoc o-saft-usr.pm  to see
 * when and how these functions are called.

SHELL TWEAKS

 * Configuring the shell environment where the tool is startet, must be
 * done before the tools starts. It is  not really  a task for the tool
 * itself, but it can simplify your life, somehow.


 * There exist customizations for some commonly used shells, please see
 * the files in the  directory.

COMMANDS

 * The option --cfg-cmd=CMD=LIST  can be used to define own commands.
 * When configuring own commands,    must not be  one of the commands
 * listed with --help=intern  and    must constist only of digits and
 * letters.


 * Examples in .o-saft.pl  are  +preload  and  +ciphercheck.

CIPHER NAMES

 * While the SSL/TLS protocol uses integer numbers to identify ciphers,
 * almost all tools use some kind of `human readable'  texts for cipher
 * names.


 * These numbers (which are most likely written as hex values in source
 * code and documentations) are the only true identifier, and we have to
 * rely on the tools that they use the proper integers.


 * As such integer or hex numbers are difficult to handle by humans, we
 * decided to use human readable texts. Unfortunately no common standard
 * exists how to construct the names and map them to the correct number.
 * Some, but by far not all, oddities are described in Name Rodeo.


 * The rules for specifying cipher names are:


 * 1. textual names as defined by IANA (see [IANA])
 * 2. mapping of names and numbers as defined by IANA (see [IANA])
 * 3.   and     are treated the same
 * 4. abbreviations are allowed, as long as they are unique
 * 5. beside IANA, openssl's cipher names are preferred
 * 6. name variants are supported, as long as they are unique
 * 7. hex numbers can be used
 * 7. hex numbers can be used


 * [IANA]   http://www.iana.org/assignments/tls-parameters/tls-parameters.txt September 2013


 * [openssl] ... openssl 1.0.1


 * If in any doubt, use +list  to get an idea about the mapping.
 * Use --help=regex  to see which regex  are used to handle all these
 * variants herein.


 * Mind the traps and dragons with cipher names and what number they are
 * actually mapped to. In particular when --lib, --exe or --openssl
 * options are in use. Always use these options with +list command too.

Name Rodeo

 * As said above, the SSL/TLS protocol uses integer numbers to identify
 * ciphers, but almost all tools use some kind of human readable  texts
 * for cipher names.


 * For example the cipher commonly known as  is identified
 * by  (in openssl) and has
 * as constant name. A definition is missing in IANA, but there is
 * . Thers is also   for the same
 * cipher . Both are valid, first one when used with SSLv2,
 * and second one when used with SSLv3.
 * It's the responsibility of each tool to map the human readable cipher
 * name to the correct (hex, integer) identifier.


 * For example Firefox uses ,  which is what?


 * Furthermore, there are different acronyms for the same thing in use.
 * For example    and     both mean "Ephemeral Diffie-Hellman".
 * Comments in the openssl(1) sources mention this. And for curiosity
 * these sources use both in cypher names but allow   as shortcut
 * only in openssl's "ciphers" command. Wonder about (up to 1.0.1h):

openssl ciphers -V EDH openssl ciphers -V DHE openssl ciphers -V EECDH openssl ciphers -V ECDHE


 * Next example is    which is also known as    or
 * or    or.


 * You think this is enough? Then have a look how many acronyms are used
 * for "Tripple DES".


 * Compared to above, the interchangeable use of    vs.    in human
 * readable cipher names is just a very simple one. However, see openssl
 * again what following means (returns):

openssl ciphers -v RC4-MD5 openssl ciphers -v RC4+MD5 openssl ciphers -v RC4:-MD5 openssl ciphers -v RC4:!MD5 openssl ciphers -v RC4!MD5


 * Looking at all these oddities, it would be nice to have a common unique
 * naming scheme for cipher names. We have not. As the SSL/TLS protocol
 * just uses a number, it would be natural to use the number as uniq key
 * for all cipher names, at least as key in our internal sources.


 * Unfortunately, the assignment of ciphers to numbers changed over the
 * years, which means that the same number refers to a different cipher
 * depending on the standard, and/or tool, or version of a tool you use.


 * As a result, we cannot use human readable cipher names as identifier
 * (aka unique key), as there are to many aliases  for the same cipher.
 * And also the number cannot be used  as unique key, as a key may have
 * multiple ciphers assigned.

KNOWN PROBLEMS

 * This section describes knwon problems, and known error messages which
 * may occour when using o-saft.pl. This sections can be used as FAQ too
 * as it gives hints and workarounds.

Segmentation fault

 * Sometimes the program terminates with a   .  This
 * mainly happens if the target does not return certificate information.
 * If so, the --no-cert  option may help.

**WARNING: empty result from openssl; ignored at ...

 * This most likely occurs when the provided cipher is  not accepted by
 * the server, or the server expects client certificates.

**WARNING: unknown result from openssl; ignored at ...

 * This most likely occurs when the openssl  executable is used with a
 * very slow connection. Typically the reason is a connection timeout.
 * Try to use --timeout=SEC  option.
 * To get more information, use --v --v  and/or  --trace  also.

**WARNING: undefined cipher description

 * May occour if ciphers are checked, but no description is available for
 * them herein. This results in printed cipher checks like:

EXP-KRB5-RC4-MD5               no       >


 * instead of:

EXP-KRB5-RC4-MD5               no       weak

**WARNING: Can't make a connection to your.tld:443; target ignored

 * This message occours if the underlaying SSL library (i.e. libssl.a)
 * was not able to connect to the target. Known observed reasons are:
 * target does not support SSL protocol on specified port
 * target expects a client certificate in ClientHello message


 * More details why the connection failed can be seen using --trace=2.


 * If the targets supports SSL, it should be at least possible to check
 * for supported ciphers using +cipherall  instead of  +cipher.

Use of uninitialized value $headers in split ... do_httpx2.al)

 * The warning message (like follows or similar):


 * Use of uninitialized value $headers in split at blib/lib/Net/SSLeay.pm
 * (autosplit into blib/lib/auto/Net/SSLeay/do_httpx2.al) line 1290.


 * occurs if the target refused a connection on port 80.
 * This is considered a bug in Net::SSLeay.
 * Workaround to get rid of this message: use --no-http  option.

invalid SSL_version specified at ... IO/Socket/SSL.pm

 * This error may occur on systems where a specific SSL version is not
 * supported. Subject are mainly SSLv2, SSLv3 TLSv1.3 and DTLSv1.
 * For DTLSv1 the full message looks like:

invalid SSL_version specified at C:/programs/perl/perl/vendor/lib/IO/Socket/SSL.
 * See also Note on SSL versions.


 * Workaround: use options like: --no-sslv2 --no-sslv3 --no-tlsv13 --no-dtlsv1

Use of uninitialized value $_[0] in length at (eval 4) line 1.

 * This warning occours with IO::Socket::SSL 1.967, reason is unknown.
 * It seems not to harm functionality, hence no workaround, just ignore.

Use of uninitialized value in subroutine entry at lib/IO/Socket/SSL.pm line 430.

 * Some versions of IO::Socket::SSL return this error message if  *-MD5
 * ciphers are used with other protocols than SSLv2.


 * Workaround: use --no-md5-cipher  option.

Can't locate auto/Net/SSLeay/CTX_v2_new.al in @INC ...

 * Underlaying library doesn't support the required SSL version.
 * See also Note on SSL versions.


 * Workaround: use --ssl-lazy  option, or corresponding --no-SSL option.

Read error: Connection reset by peer (,199725) at blib/lib/Net/SSLeay.pm (autosplit into blib/lib/auto/Net/SSLeay/tcp_read_all.al) line 535.

 * Error reported by some Net::SSLeay versions. Reason may be a timeout.
 * This error cannot be omitted or handled properly.


 * Workaround: try to use same call again (no guarantee, unfortunatelly)

Odd number of elements in anonymous hash at Net/SSLinfo.pm line 1613.

 * This warning from perl have been observed when the connection to the
 * target to check for supported ciphers cannot be established.


 * This message can be ignored.

openssl: ...some/path.../libssl.so.1.0.0: no version information available (required by openssl)

 * Mismatch of openssl executable  and loaded underlaying library. This
 * most likely happens when options --lib=PATH  and/or  --exe=PATH  are
 * used. See also Note on SSL versions.


 * Hint: use following commands to get information about used libraries:

o-saft.pl +version o-saft.pl --v --v +version

Integer overflow in hexadecimal number at ...

 * This error message may occour on 32-bit systems if perl was not com-
 * piled with proper options. I.g. perl automatically converts the value
 * to a floating pont number.
 * Please report a bug with output of following command:

o-saft.pl +s_client +dump your.tld

<>

 * Text may be part of a value. This means that all checks according DH
 * parameters and logkam attack cannot be done.


 * Workaround: try to use --openssl=TOOL  option.


 * This text may appears in any of the compliance checks (like +rfc7525)
 * which may be a false positive. For these checks openssl is also used
 * to get the DH Parameter.


 * Workaround: not available yet

No output with +help and/or  --help=todo

 * On some (mainly Windows-based) systems using

o-saft.pl +help o-saft.pl --help
 * does not print anything.


 * Workaround: use --v  option.

o-saft.pl +help --v
 * or

o-saft.pl +help | more

**WARNING: on MSWin32 additional option --v required, sometimes ...

 * On some (mainly Windows-based) systems this may happen  when calling
 * for example:

o-saft.pl --help=FAQ
 * which then may produce:

**WARNING: on MSWin32 additional option --v  required, sometimes ... === reading: ./.o-saft.pl (RC-FILE done) === === reading: Net/SSLinfo.pm (O-Saft module done) === **USAGE: no command given # most common usage: o-saft.pl +info  your.tld o-saft.pl +check your.tld o-saft.pl +cipher your.tld # for more help use: o-saft.pl --help


 * Workaround: use full path to perl.exe, for example

C:\Programs\perl\bin\perl.exe o-saft.pl --help=FAQ

Performance Problems

 * There are various reasons when the program responds slow, or seems to
 * hang. Performance issues are most likely a target-side problem. Most
 * common reasons are (no specific order):


 * a) DNS resolver problems
 * Try with --no-dns


 * b) target does not accept connections for https
 * Try with --no-http


 * c) target's certificate is not valid
 * Try with --no-cert


 * d) target expects that the client provides a client certificate
 * No option provided yet ...


 * e) target does not handle Server Name Indication (SNI)
 * Try with --no-sni


 * f) use of external openssl(1) executable
 * Use --no-openssl


 * g) target does not respond at all and/or blocks
 * Use --ssl-error
 * For a detailed description, please see Connection Problems.


 * Other options which may help to get closer to the problem's cause:
 * --trace=time, --timeout=SEC,  --trace,  --trace=cmd


 * Using --trace=time   should show following times:
 * DNS:            1 - 10 sec
 * no SNI:         1 - 10 sec
 * connection test: 1 - 5 sec
 * need_default:   <5 sec
 * need_cipher:    1 - 60 sec (+cipher with socket)
 * need_cipher:    1 - 20 sec (+cipherraw)
 * prepare checks: 2 - 20 sec
 * info:           <1 sec
 * check:          <1 sec

Commands

 * Some commands cannot be used together with others, for example:
 * +cipher, +ciphers,  +list,  +libversion,  +version,  +check,  +help,
 * +protocols.


 * +quick should not be used together with other commands, it returns
 * strange output then.


 * +protocols requires  openssl(1) with support for
 * option. Otherwise the value will be empty.

Options

 * The option --port=PORT  must preceed  --host=HOST  for a target like
 * HOST:PORT.


 * The characters  and   cannot be used for --separator option.


 * Following strings should not be used in any value for options:
 * as they my trigger the ---header  option unintentional.
 * as they my trigger the ---header  option unintentional.


 * The used timeout(1) command cannot be defined with a full path like
 * openssl(1) can with the  --openssl=path/to/openssl.


 * --cfg_text=file cannot be used to redefine the texts   and
 * as used in the output for +cipher  command.

+constraints

 * This check is only done for the certificate provided by the target.
 * All other certificate in the chain are not checked.


 * This is currently (2015) a limitation in o-saft.pl.

Broken pipe

 * This error message most likely means that the connection to specified
 * target was not possible (firewall or whatever reason).

Target Certificate Chain Verification

 * The systems default capabilities i.e. libssl.so, openssl, are used to
 * verify the target's certificate chain. Unfortunately various systems
 * have implemented different approaches and rules how identify and how
 * to report a successful verification. As a consequence  this tool can
 * only return the same information about the chain verification as the
 * used underlying tools. If that information is trustworthy depends on
 * how trustworthy the tools are.


 * These limitations apply to following commands:


 * +verify
 * +selfsigned


 * Following commands and options are useful to get more information:


 * +chain_verify, +verify, +error_verify, +chain, +s_client
 * --ca-file, --ca-path, --ca-depth

User Provided Files

 * Please note that there cannot be any guarantee that the code provided
 * in the  DEBUG-FILE o-saft-usr.pm  or   USER-FILE  o-saft-usr.pm
 * will work flawless. Obviously this is the user's responsibility.

Problems and Errors

 * Checking the target for supported ciphers may return that a cipher is
 * not supported by the server misleadingly.  Reason is most likely  an
 * improper timeout for the connection. See --timeout=SEC  option.


 * If the specified targets accepts connections but does not speak SSL,
 * the connection will be closed after the system's TCP/IP-timeout. This
 * script will hang (about 2-3 minutes).


 * If reverse DNS lookup fails, an error message is returned as hostname,
 * like:  >>.
 * Workaround to get rid of this message: use --no-dns  option.


 * All checks for EV are solely based on the information provided by the
 * certificate.


 * Some versions of openssl (< 1.x) may not support all required options
 * which results in various error messages or --more worse-- may not be
 * visibale at all. Available functionalitity of openssl will be checked
 * for right at the beginning Proper Warnings and hints are printed.
 * Following table shows the openssl option and how to disbale it within
 * o-saft:


 * -nextprotoneg      --no-nextprotoneg
 * -reconnect         --no-reconnect
 * -tlsextdebug       --no-tlsextdebug
 * -alpn              --no-alpn

Connection Problems

 * Sometimes the connection cannot be established. This may have various
 * reasons. Unfortunaly this script seems to hang then.  In  particular
 * when checking for ciphers with +cipher  or  +cipherall . The reason
 * is most likely that the server does not respond to the TCP/IP request
 * and hence the script closes the connection after the configured time-
 * out (see --timeout=SEC  option).


 * Continous connection attempts can be inhibited with the  --ssl-error
 * option, which is set by default. Avoiding further connections results
 * in a loss of information and consequentely leading to wrong checks.


 * It is a trade-off to wait for all information done accurately, or to
 * get the results quickly. The logic to stop connecting for --ssl-error
 * can be controlled with following additional options:
 * --ssl-error-max=CNT    - max. continous errors
 * --ssl-error-timeout=SEC - timeout when to treat a failure as error
 * --ssl-error-total=CNT  - max. amount of errors


 * This means that no more connections are maid when more than
 * --ssl-error-max errors occour sequentialy
 * or
 * --ssl-error-total errors occoured


 * Examples:
 * no more connections are made if for example any sequence of timeouts
 * occour:
 * no more connections are made if for example any sequence of timeouts
 * occour:
 * occour:

0 5 2 2                  - --ssl-error-max matches 0 1 3 0 0 0 4 1 2 2 2    - --ssl-error-max matches 0 5 0 2 0 2 2 0 2 0 2    - --ssl-error-total matches


 * This allows to fine-tune the condition when to stop connecting to the
 * target. For example, continous but not consecutive timeouts may indi-
 * cate a bad or instable network connection, but not that the target to
 * be connected blocks. In such a case sequence of timeouts like follows
 * may be observed (assuming ):

0 5 1 2 2 2 4 2 3 2 3 3 3 2       ^                 ^____ stop for --ssl-error-timeout=3 |______________________ stop for --ssl-error-timeout=2


 * On normal (even slow) network connections dozens of  connections per
 * second are usual, hence the timeout is always 0 or 1.  Based on that
 * experience --ssl-error  is enabled and set with defaults as follows:

Poor Systems

 * Use of openssl(1) is disabled by default on Windows due to various
 * performance problems. It needs to be enabled with --openssl option.


 * On Windows the usage of   needs to be enabled using
 * --s_client option.


 * On Windows it's a pain to specify the path for --openssl=.. option.
 * Variants are:


 * --openssl=/path/to/openssl.exe
 * --openssl=X:/path/to/openssl.exe
 * --openssl=\path\to\openssl.exe
 * --openssl=X:\path\to\openssl.exe
 * --openssl=\\path\\to\\openssl.exe
 * --openssl=X:\\path\\to\\openssl.exe


 * You have to fiddle around to find the proper one.

Debug and Trace Output

 * When both --trace=key  and  --trace=cmd  options are used, output is
 * mixed, obviously. Hint: output for --trace=cmd always contains "CMD".

DEPENDENCIES

 * All perl modules and all private moduels and files  will be searched
 * for using paths available in perl's    variable.     will
 * be prepended by following paths:


 * ./lib
 * INSTALL_PATH
 * INSTALL_PATH/lib
 * INSTALL_PATH/lib


 * Where    is the path where the tool is installed.
 * To see which files have been included use:

o-saft.pl +version --v --user

Perl Modules

 * IO::Socket::SSL(1)
 * IO::Socket::INET(1)
 * Net::SSLeay(1)
 * Net::SSLinfo(1)
 * Net::SSLhello(1)

Additional Files used if requested

 * .o-saft.pl
 * o-saft-dbx.pm
 * o-saft-man.pm
 * o-saft-usr.pm
 * o-saft-README
 * o-saft-docker

INSTALLATION

 * The tool can be installed in any path. It just requres the modules as
 * described in DEPENDENCIES  above. However, it's recommended that the
 * modules Net::SSLhello and Net::SSLinfo are found in the directory
 * where    is installed.


 * For security reasons, most modern libraries disabled or even removed
 * insecure or "dirty" functionality. As this tool's purpose is to find
 * such insecure settings, functions, etc., it needs these dirty things
 * enabled. What we need is (incomplete list):


 * insecure protocols like SSLv2, SSLv3
 * more more ciphers enabled, like NULL-MD5, AECDH-NULL-SHA, etc.
 * some SSL extensions and options


 * Therefore we recommend to compile and install at least following:


 * openssl with SSLv2, SSLv3 and more ciphers enabled
 * Net::SSLeay compiled with openssl version as described before.


 * Please read the SECURITY  section first before following the install
 * instructions below.

OpenSSL

 * Currently it is recommend to use either the openssl version from
 * https://github.com/PeterMosmans/openssl/ which requires compilation,
 * see Example: Compile OpenSSL, or use any of the precomiled versions
 * which are available for several platforms at https://testssl.sh/.


 * The sources are available at
 * https://github.com/PeterMosmans/openssl/archive/1.0.2-chacha.zip
 * The precomiled static versions are available at
 * https://github.com/drwetter/testssl.sh/tree/master/bin


 * For all following installation examples we assume:
 * openssl-1.0.2-chacha.zip or openssl-1.0.2d.tar.gz
 * /usr/local as bae installation directory
 * a bourne shell (sh) compatible shell

Example: Precompiled OpenSSL

 * Simply download the tarball or zip file for your platform, unpack it,
 * and install (copy) the binaries into a directory of your choice.

Example: Compile OpenSSL

 * OpenSSL can be used from http://openssl.org/ or, as recommended, from
 * https://github.com/PeterMosmans/openssl/.


 * OpenSSL-chacha
 * Compiling and installing the later is as simple as:

unzip openssl-1.0.2-chacha.zip cd openssl-1.0.2-chacha ./config --shared -Wl,-rpath=/usr/local/lib make make test make install


 * which will install openssl, libssl.so, libcrypto.so and some include
 * files as well as the include files in /usr/local/.
 * The shared version of the libraries are necessary for Net::SSLeay.


 * OpenSSL.org
 * Building openssl from the offical openssl.org  sources requires some
 * patching before compiling and installing the libraries and binaries.


 * Example with openssl-1.0.2d:

echo == unpack tarball tar xf openssl-1.0.2d.tar.gz  cd openssl-1.0.2d echo == backup files to be modified cp ssl/s2_lib.c{,.bak} cp ssl/s3_lib.c{,.bak} cp ssl/ssl3.h{,.bak} cp ssl/tls1.h{,.bak}

echo == patch files vi ssl/tls1.h        +/TLS1_ALLOW_EXPERIMENTAL_CIPHERSUITES/ # define TLS1_ALLOW_EXPERIMENTAL_CIPHERSUITES 1 vi ssl/ssl3.h ssl/s{2,3}_lib.c  +"/# *if 0/" #==> remove all  # if 0  and corresponding  #endif #   except if lines contain: #       _FZA #       /* Fortezza ciphersuite from SSL 3.0 #       /* Do not set the compare functions, #       if (s->shutdown & SSL_SEND_SHUTDOWN)

echo == configure with static libraries echo omitt the zlib options if zlib-1g-dev is not installed echo omitt the krb5 options if no kerberos libraries available ./config --prefix=/usr/local --openssldir=/usr/local/ssl \ enable-zlib zlib zlib-dynamic enable-ssl2 \ enable-krb5 --with-krb5-flavor=MIT \ enable-mdc2 enable-md2 enable-rc5  enable-rc2 \ enable-cms enable-ec   enable-ec2m enable-ecdh enable-ecdsa \ enable-gost enable-seed enable-idea enable-camellia \ enable-rfc3779 enable-ec_nistp_64_gcc_128 \ experimental-jpake -fPIC \ -DTEMP_GOST_TLS -DTLS1_ALLOW_EXPERIMENTAL_CIPHERSUITES \ shared

echo == make binaries and libraries make depend make make test make install

echo == if you want static binaries and libraries make clean echo same ./config as before but without shared option ./config --prefix=/usr/local --openssldir=/usr/local/ssl \ enable-zlib zlib zlib-dynamic enable-ssl2 \ enable-krb5 --with-krb5-flavor=MIT \ enable-mdc2 enable-md2 enable-rc5 enable-rc2 \ enable-cms enable-ec   enable-ec2m enable-ecdh enable-ecdsa \ enable-gost enable-seed enable-idea enable-camellia \ enable-rfc3779 enable-ec_nistp_64_gcc_128 \ experimental-jpake -fPIC \ -DTEMP_GOST_TLS -DTLS1_ALLOW_EXPERIMENTAL_CIPHERSUITES make depend make make test echo next make will overwrite the previously installed dynamic echo shared openssl binary with the static openssl binary make install

Example: Compile Net::SSLeay

 * To enable support for ancient protocol versions, Net::SSLeay must be
 * compiled manually after patching 'SSLeay.xs' (see below).
 * Reason is, that Net::SSLeay  enables some functionality for  SSL/TLS
 * according the identified openssl version. There is, currently (2015),
 * no possibility to enable this functionality by passing options on to
 * the configuration script.

echo == unpack tarball tar xf Net-SSLeay-1.72.tar.gz   cd Net-SSLeay-1.72

echo == patch files echo "edit SSLeay.xs and change some #if as described below" env OPENSSL_PREFIX=/usr/local perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=/usr/local \ INC=/usr/local/include DEFINE=-DOPENSSL_BUILD_UNSAFE=1 make make install cd /tmp && o-saft.pl +version


 * SSLeay.xs needs to be changed as follows:

#ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SSL2 #if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10000000L const SSL_METHOD * SSLv2_method #endif #endif #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SSL3 #if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10002000L const SSL_METHOD * SSLv3_method #endif #endif const SSL_METHOD * SSLv2_method const SSL_METHOD * SSLv3_method
 * search for
 * and replace by


 * Note that Net::SSLeay  will be installed in   then. This
 * can be adapted to your needs by passing another path to the
 * and     parameter.


 * Following command can be used to check which methods are avilable in
 * Net::SSLeay, hence above patches can be verified:

perl -MLNet::SSLinfo -le print Net::SSLinfo::ssleay_test;

Testing OpenSSL

 * After installation as descibed above finished, openssl may be tested:

echo already installed openssl (found with PATH environment) openssl ciphers -v openssl ciphers -V -ssl2 openssl ciphers -V -ssl3 openssl ciphers -V ALL openssl ciphers -V ALL:COMPLEMENTOFALL openssl ciphers -V ALL:eNULL:EXP

echo own compiled and installed openssl /usr/local/openssl ciphers -v /usr/local/openssl ciphers -V -ssl2 /usr/local/openssl ciphers -V -ssl3 /usr/local/openssl ciphers -V ALL /usr/local/openssl ciphers -V ALL:COMPLEMENTOFALL /usr/local/openssl ciphers -V ALL:eNULL:EXP

The difference should be obvious. Note, the commands using "ALL:COMPLEMENTOFALL"  and  "ALL:eNULL:EXP" should return the same result.

Testing Net::SSLeay

 * As we want to test the separately installed Net::SSLeay,  it is best
 * to do it with    itself:

o-saft.pl +version


 * we should see a line similar to follwong at the end of the output:

Net::SSLeay  1.72  /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.20.2/Net/SSLeay.pm


 * Now check for supported (known) ciphers:

o-saft.pl ciphers -V


 * we should see lines similar to those of the last
 * call. However, it should contain more cipher lines.

Stand-alone Executable

 * Some people asked for a stand-alone executable (mainly for Windows).
 * Even perl is a scripting language there are situations where a stand-
 * alone executable would be nice, for example if the installed perl and
 * its libraries are outdated, or if perl is missing at all.


 * Currently (2016) there are following possibilities to generate such a
 * stand-alone executable:

pp -C -c o-saft.pl     pp -C -c o-saft.pl -M Net::DNS -M Net::SSLeay -M IO::Socket \ -M Net::SSLinfo -M Net::SSLhello -M osaft pp -C -c checkAllCiphers.pl     pp -C -c checkAllCiphers.pl -M Net::DNS
 * perl with PAR::Packer module

perlapp --clean o-saft.pl     perlapp --clean o-saft.pl -M Net::DNS -M Net::SSLeay -M IO::Socket \ -M Net::SSLinfo -M Net::SSLhello -M osaft perlapp --clean checkAllCiphers.pl     perlapp --clean checkAllCiphers.pl -M Net::DNS -M osaft
 * ActiveState perl with its perlapp

perl2exe o-saft.pl     perl2exe checkAllCiphers.pl
 * perl2exe from IndigoSTar


 * For details on building the executable,  for example how to include
 * all required modules, please refer to the documentation of the tool.
 * http://search.cpan.org/~rschupp/PAR-Packer-1.030/lib/PAR/Packer.pm
 * http://docs.activestate.com/pdk/6.0/PerlApp.html
 * http://www.indigostar.com


 * Note that pre-build executables (build by perlapp, perl2exe) cannot
 * be provided due to licence problems.
 * Also note that using stand-alone executable have not been tested the
 * same way as the  itself. Use them at your own risk.

DOCKER

 * The tool can be used inside a Docker image. With o-saft-docker and a
 * Dockerfile (both are part of the distribution), a proper Docker image
 * will be build easily. o-saft-docker can also be used to run commands
 * with o-saft.pl inside the Docker image, example:

o-saft-docker +info some.tld


 * For more details, please refer to:

o-saft-docker -help o-saft-docker usage

Note on SSL versions

 * Automatically detecting the supported SSL versions of the underlaying
 * system is a hard job and not always possible. Reasons could be:


 * used perl modules (Socket::SSL, Net::SSLeay) does not handle errors
 * properly. Erros may be:

invalid SSL_version specified at ... IO/Socket/SSL.pm

Use of uninitialized value in subroutine entry at lib/IO/Socket/SSL.pm


 * the underlaying libssl does not support the version, which then may
 * result in segmentation fault


 * the underlaying libssl is newer than the perl module and the module
 * has not been reinstalled. This most often happens with Net::SSLeay
 * This can be detected with (see version numbers for Net::SSLeay):

o-saft.pl +version


 * perl (in particular a used module, see above) may bail out with a
 * compile error, like

Can't locate auto/Net/SSLeay/CTX_v2_new.al in @INC ...


 * We try to detect unsupported versions and disable them automatically,
 * a warning like follwoing is shown then:

**WARNING: SSL version  not supported by openssl


 * If problems occour with SSL versions, following commands and options
 * may help to to get closer to the reason or can be used as workaround:

o-saft.pl +version o-saft.pl +version | grep versions o-saft.pl +version | grep 0x o-saft.pl +protocols your.tld o-saft.pl +protocols your.tld --no-rc


 * If problems occour with SSL versions, following commands and options
 * Checking for SSL version is done at one place in the code, search for

supported SSL versions

Using private libssl.so and libcrypt.so

 * For all cryptographic functionality  the libraries  installed on the
 * system will be used. This is in particular perl's Net:SSLeay module,
 * the system's libssl.so and libcrypt.so  and the openssl executable.


 * It is possible to provide your own libraries, if the perl module and
 * the executable are linked using  dynamic shared objects  (aka shared
 * library, position independent code).
 * The appropriate option is --lib=PATH.


 * On most systems these libraries are loaded at startup of the program.
 * The runtime loader uses a preconfigured list of directories where to
 * find these libraries. Also most systems provide a special environment
 * variable to specify additional paths  to directories where to search
 * for libraries, for example the   variable.
 * This is the default environment variable used herein. If your system
 * uses another name it must be specified with the  --envlibvar=NAME
 * option, where    is the name of the environment variable.

Understanding --exe=PATH, --lib=PATH, --openssl=FILE

 * If any of --exe=PATH or --lib=PATH is provided, the pragram calls
 * itself recursively with all given options, except the option
 * itself. The environment variables    and    are
 * set before executing as follows:


 * prepend    with all values given with  --exe=PATH
 * prepend    with all values given with  --lib=PATH


 * This is exactly, what Cumbersome Approach below describes. So these
 * option simply provide a shortcut for that.


 * Note that --openssl=FILE is a full path to the openssl executable
 * and will not be changed. However, if it is a relative path, it might
 * be searched for using the previously set    (see above).


 * Note that    is the default.  It can be changed with
 * the --envlibvar=NAME  option.


 * While --exe  mainly impacts the openssl executable,  --lib  also
 * impacts o-saft.pl itself, as it loads other shared libraries if found.


 * Bear in mind that all these options  can affect the behaviour of the
 * openssl subsystem, influencing both which  executable is called  and
 * which shared libraries will be used.


 * NOTE that no checks are done if the options are set proper. To verify
 * the settings, following commands may be used:

o-saft.pl --lib=YOU-PATH --exe=YOUE-EXE +version o-saft.pl --lib=YOU-PATH --exe=YOUE-EXE --v +version o-saft.pl --lib=YOU-PATH --exe=YOUE-EXE --v --v +version


 * Why so many options? Exactly as described above, these options allow
 * the users to tune the behaviour of the tool to their needs. A common
 * use case is to enable the use of a separate openssl build independent
 * of the openssl package used by the operating system. This allows the
 * user fine grained control over openssl's encryption suites which are
 * compiled/available, without affecting the core system.

Caveats

 * Depending on your system and the used modules and executables, it can
 * be tricky to replace the configured shared libraries with own ones.
 * Reasons are:
 * a) the linked library name contains a version number,
 * b) the linked library uses a fixed path,
 * c) the linked library is searched at a predefined path,
 * d) the executable checks the library version when loaded.


 * Only the first one a) can be circumvented. The last one d) can often
 * be ignored as it only prints a warning or error message.


 * To circumvent the "name with version number" problem try following:


 * 1. use ldd (or a similar tool) to get the names used by openssl:


 * ldd /usr/bin/openssl


 * which returns something like:


 * libssl.so.0.9.8 => /lib/libssl.so.0.9.8 (0x00007f940cb6d000)
 * libcrypto.so.0.9.8 => /lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 (0x00007f940c7de000)
 * libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f940c5d9000)
 * libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007f940c3c1000)
 * libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f940c02c000)
 * /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f940cdea000)


 * Here only the first two libraries are important. Both,  libcrypto.so
 * and libssl.so need to be version "0.9.8" (in this example).


 * 2. create a directory for your libraries, i.e.:


 * mkdir /tmp/dada


 * 3. place your libraries there, assuming they are:


 * /tmp/dada/libssl.so.1.42
 * /tmp/dada/libcrypto.so.1.42


 * 4. create symbolic links in that directory:


 * ln -s libssl.so.1.42   libssl.so.0.9.8
 * ln -s libcrypto.so.1.42 libcrypto.so.0.9.8


 * 5. test program with following option:

o-saft.pl +libversion --lib=/tmp/dada o-saft.pl +list --v  --lib=/tmp/dada


 * or:

o-saft.pl +libversion --lib=/tmp/dada -exe=/path/to-openssl o-saft.pl +list --v  --lib=/tmp/dada -exe=/path/to-openssl


 * 6. start program with your options, i.e.:

o-saft.pl --lib=/tmp/dada +ciphers


 * This works if openssl(1) uses the same shared libraries as
 * Net:SSLeay(1), which most likely is the case.


 * It's tested with Unix/Linux only. It may work on other platforms also
 * if they support such an environment variable and the installed
 * Net::SSLeay(1) and openssl(1)  are linked using dynamic shared
 * objects.


 * Depending on compile time settings  and/or  the location of the used
 * tool or lib, a warning like following may occur:

WARNING: can't open config file: /path/to/openssl/ssl/openssl.cnf


 * This warning can be ignored, usually as req  or  ca  sub commands of
 * openssl is not used here.
 * To fix the problem, either use --openssl-cnf=FILE  option or set the
 * the environment variable OPENSSL_CONF properly.

Cumbersome Approach

 * A more cumbersome approach to call this program is to set  following
 * environment variables in your shell:

PATH=/tmp/dada-1.42/apps:$PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tmp/dada-1.42

Windows Caveats

 * I.g. the used libraries on Windows are libeay32.dll and ssleay32.dll.


 * Windows also supports the  environment variable. If it
 * does not work as expected with that variable, it might be possible to
 * place the libs in the same directory as the corresponding executable
 * (which is found by the  environment variable).

Using CGI mode

 * This script can be used as CGI application. Output is the same as in
 * common CLI mode, using 'Content-Type:text/plain'.  Keep in mind that
 * the used modules like Net::SSLeay  will write some debug messages
 * on STDERR instead STDOUT. Therefore multiple --v and/or  --trace
 * options behave slightly different.


 * No additional external files like RC-FILE or DEBUG-FILE are read
 * in CGI mode; they are silently ignored.
 * Some options are disabled in CGI mode because they are dangerous  or
 * don't make any sense.

WARNING

 * There are no  input data validation checks implemented herein. All
 * input data is url-decoded once and then used verbatim.
 * More advanced checks must be done outside before calling this tool.


 * It's not recommended to run this tool in CGI mode.
 * You have been warned!

Using user specified code

 * There are some functions called within the program flow, which can be
 * filled with any perl code. Empty stubs of the functions are prepared
 * in o-saft-usr.pm.  See also  USER-FILE.

Debugging, Tracing

 * Following options and commands  are useful for hunting problems with
 * SSL connections and/or this tool. Note that some options can be given
 * multiple times to increase amount of listed information. Also keep in
 * mind that it's best to specify --v  as very first argument.


 * Note that the file o-saft-dbx.pm  is required, if any  --trace*
 * or --v  option is used.

Commands

 * +dump
 * +libversion
 * +s_client
 * +todo
 * +version

Options

 * --v
 * --v--
 * --trace
 * --trace-arg
 * --trace-cmd
 * --trace-key


 * Empty or undefined strings are written as    in texts.
 * Some parameters, in particular those of HTTP responses,  are written
 * as  .  Long parameter lists are abbreviated with.

Output

 * When using --v  and/or  --trace  options, additional output will
 * be prefixed with a    (mainly as first, left-most character.
 * Following formats are used:




 * Addition text for verbosity (--v options).


 * #[variable name]


 * Internal variable name (--trace-key options).


 * #o-saft.pl::
 * #Net::SSLinfo::


 * Trace information for --trace options.




 * Trace information from    for  --trace  options.
 * These are data lines in the format:  #{ variable name : value #}
 * Note that    here can span multiple lines and ends with #}

Using outdated modules

 * The tools was designed to work with old perl modules too. When using
 * old modules, a proper    will be printed. These warinings
 * cannot be switched of using --no-warning.
 * The warning also informs about the missing functionality or check.


 * I.g. it is best to install newer versions of the module if possible.
 * A good practice to check if modules are available in a proper version
 * is to call:

o-saft.pl +version o-saft.pl +version --v --v


 * Following example shows the result without warnings:

=== reading: ./.o-saft.pl (RC-FILE done) === === reading: Net/SSLhello.pm (O-Saft module done) === === reading: Net/SSLinfo.pm (O-Saft module done) === === ./o-saft.pl 16.09.09 === Net::SSLeay:: ::OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER   0x268443744 ::SSLeay                   0x268443744 Net::SSLeay::SSLeay_version   OpenSSL 1.0.2-chacha (1.0.2f-dev) = openssl = version of external executable  OpenSSL 1.0.2-chacha (1.0.2f-dev) external executable             /opt/openssl-chacha/bin/openssl used environment variable (name) LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable (content)  < > path to shared libraries full path to openssl.cnf file   < > common openssl.cnf files        /usr/lib/ssl/openssl.cnf \ /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf \ /System//Library/OpenSSL/openssl.cnf \ /usr/ssl/openssl.cnf URL where to find CRL file      < > directory with PEM files for CAs /opt/tools/openssl-chacha/ssl/certs PEM format file with CAs        /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt common paths to PEM files for CAs /etc/ssl/certs /usr/lib/certs \ /System/Library/OpenSSL common PEM filenames for CAs    ca-certificates.crt \ certificates.crt certs.pem number of supported ciphers     177 openssl supported SSL versions  SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv11 TLSv12 o-saft.pl known SSL versions    SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv11 TLSv12 TLSv13 \ DTLSv09 DTLSv1 DTLSv11 DTLSv12 DTLSv13 = o-saft.pl +cipherall = default list of ciphers         0x03000000 .. 0x030000FF, 0x0300C000 .. 0x0300C0FF, \ 0x0300CC00 .. 0x0300CCFF, 0x0300FE00 .. 0x0300FFFF, = Required (and used) Modules = @INC                ./ ./lib. /bin /usr/share/perl5 \ /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.20 \ /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.20 \ /usr/share/perl/5.20 /usr/local/lib/site_perl. =  module name            VERSION  found in      =   --++-- IO::Socket::INET      1.35     /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.20/IO/Socket/INET.pm          IO::Socket::SSL        2.002    /usr/share/perl5/IO/Socket/SSL.pm          Net::DNS               0.81     /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.20/Net/DNS.pm          Net::SSLeay            1.72     /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.20/Net/SSLeay.pm          Net::SSLinfo           16.06.01 Net/SSLinfo.pm          Net::SSLhello          16.05.16 Net/SSLhello.pm          osaft                  16.05.10 osaft.pm


 * Following example shows the result with warnings:

=== reading: ./.o-saft.pl (RC-FILE done) === === reading: ./Net/SSLhello.pm (O-Saft module done) === **WARNING: ancient Net::SSLeay 1.35 < 1.49; cannot use ::initialize at /Net/SSLinfo.pm line 481. === reading: ./Net/SSLinfo.pm (O-Saft module done) === **WARNING: ancient perl has no 'version' module; version checks may not be accurate; at o-saft.pl line 1662. **WARNING: ancient Net::SSLeay 1.35 < 1.49 detected; at o-saft.pl line 1687. **WARNING: ancient IO::Socket::SSL 1.22 < 1.37 detected; at o-saft.pl line 1687. **WARNING: ancient version IO::Socket::SSL 1.22 < 1.90 does not support SNI or is known to be buggy; SNI disabled; at o-saft.pl line 5905. !!Hint: --force-openssl can be used to disables this check **WARNING: ancient version Net::SSLeay 1.35 < 1.49 may throw warnings and/or results may be missing; at o-saft.pl line 5934. **WARNING: SSL version 'TLSv11': not supported by Net::SSLeay; not checked **WARNING: SSL version 'TLSv12': not supported by Net::SSLeay; not checked **WARNING: SSL version 'TLSv13': not supported by Net::SSLeay; not checked === o-saft.pl 16.09.09 === Net::SSLeay:: ::OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER   0x9470143 **WARNING: ancient version Net::SSLeay 1.35 < 1.49; cannot compare SSLeay with openssl version at o-saft.pl line 4778. ::SSLeay                   0x1.35 **WARNING: ancient version Net::SSLeay 1.35 < 1.49; detailed version not available at o-saft.pl line 4806. = openssl = version of external executable  OpenSSL 0.9.8y 5 Feb 2013 external executable             /usr/bin/openssl used environment variable (name) LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable (content)  < > path to shared libraries full path to openssl.cnf file   < > common openssl.cnf files        /usr/lib/ssl/openssl.cnf \ /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf \ /System//Library/OpenSSL/openssl.cnf \ /usr/ssl/openssl.cnf URL where to find CRL file      < > directory with PEM files for CAs /System/Library/OpenSSL/certs PEM format file with CAs        < > common paths to PEM files for CAs /etc/ssl/certs /usr/lib/certs /System/Library/OpenSSL common PEM filenames for CAs    ca-certificates.crt certificates.crt certs.pem number of supported ciphers     43 openssl supported SSL versions  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1 o-saft.pl known SSL versions    SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv11 TLSv12 TLSv13 \ DTLSv09 DTLSv1 DTLSv11 DTLSv12 DTLSv13 **WARNING: ancient version Net::SSLeay 1.35 < 1.49; cannot compare SSLeay with openssl version at o-saft.pl line 4778. **WARNING: used openssl version '9470143' differs from compiled Net:SSLeay '1.35'; ignored = o-saft.pl +cipherall = default list of ciphers         0x03000000 .. 0x030000FF, 0x0300C000 .. 0x0300C0FF, 0x0300CC00 .. 0x0300CCFF, 0x0300FE00 .. 0x0300FFFF, = Required (and used) Modules = @INC                ./ ./lib /bin /Library/Perl/Updates/5.10.0 \ /System/Library/Perl/5.10.0/darwin-thread-multi-2level \ /System/Library/Perl/5.10.0 \ /Library/Perl/5.10.0/darwin-thread-multi-2level \ /Library/Perl/5.10.0 \ /Network/Library/Perl/5.10.0/darwin-thread-multi-2level \ /Network/Library/Perl/5.10.0 \ /Network/Library/Perl \ /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.10.0/darwin-thread-multi-2level \ /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.10.0. =  module name            VERSION  found in      =   --++-- IO::Socket::INET      1.31     /System/Library/Perl/5.10.0/darwin-thread-multi-2level/IO/Socket/INET.pm          IO::Socket::SSL        1.22     /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.10.0/IO/Socket/SSL.pm          Net::DNS               0.65     /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.10.0/darwin-thread-multi-2level/Net/DNS.pm          Net::SSLeay            1.35     /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.10.0/darwin-thread-multi-2level/Net/SSLeay.pm          Net::SSLinfo           16.06.01 ./Net/SSLinfo.pm          Net::SSLhello          16.05.16 ./Net/SSLhello.pm          osaft                  16.05.10 /osaft.pm


 * Please keep in mind that the shown version numbers and the shown line
 * numbers are examples and may differ on your system.


 * When starting  with outdated modules, more   will
 * be shown. The warnings depend on the installed version of the module.
 * is known to work with at least:
 * IO::Socket::INET 1.31, IO::Socket::SSL 1.22, Net::DNS 0.66, Net::SSLeay 1.30

EXAMPLES

 * ($0 in all following examples is the name of the tool)

General
o-saft.pl +cipher some.tld o-saft.pl +info  some.tld o-saft.pl +check some.tld o-saft.pl +quick some.tld o-saft.pl +help=commands o-saft.pl +list o-saft.pl +list --v o-saft.pl +certificate some.tld o-saft.pl +fingerprint some.tld 444 o-saft.pl +after +dates some.tld

Some Specials

 * Get an idea how messages look like

o-saft.pl +check --cipher=RC4 some.tld


 * Check for Server Name Indication (SNI) usage only

o-saft.pl +sni some.tld


 * Check for SNI and print certificate's subject and altname

o-saft.pl +sni +cn +altname some.tld


 * Check for all SNI, certificate's subject and altname issues

o-saft.pl +sni_check some.tld


 * Only print supported ciphers

o-saft.pl +cipher --enabled some.tld


 * Only print unsupported ciphers

o-saft.pl +cipher --disabled some.tld


 * Test for a specific ciphers

o-saft.pl +cipher --cipher=ADH-AES256-SHA some.tld

o-saft.pl +cipherall some.tld o-saft.pl +cipherall some.tld --range=full checkAllCiphers.pl example.tld --range=full --v
 * Test all ciphers, even if not supported by local SSL implementation

o-saft.pl +cipher-dh some.tld
 * Show supported (enabled) ciphers with their DH parameters:


 * Test using a private libssl.so, libcrypto.so and openssl

o-saft.pl +cipher --lib=/foo/bar-1.42 --exe=/foo/bar-1.42/apps some.tld


 * Test using a private openssl

o-saft.pl +cipher --openssl=/foo/bar-1.42/openssl some.tld


 * Test using a private openssl also for testing supported ciphers

o-saft.pl +cipher --openssl=/foo/bar-1.42/openssl --force-openssl some.tld


 * Show current score settings

o-saft.pl --help=score


 * Change a single score setting

o-saft.pl --cfg_score=http_https=42  +check some.tld


 * Use your private score settings from a file

o-saft.pl --help=score > magic.score
 * # edit as needed: magic.score

o-saft.pl --cfg_score   magic.score  +check some.tld


 * Use your private texts in output

o-saft.pl +check some.tld --cfg_text=desc=


 * Use your private texts from RC-FILE

o-saft.pl --help=cfg_text >> .o-saft.pl


 * # edit as needed:    .o-saft.pl

o-saft.pl +check some.tld

o-saft.pl +check some.tld --cfg-hint=renegotiation="my special hint text"
 * Use your private hint texts in output

o-saft.pl +cn example.tld some.tld other.tld o-saft.pl +cn example.tld some.tld other.tld --showhost --no-header
 * Get the certificate's Common Name for a bunch of servers:


 * Generate simple parsable output

o-saft.pl --legacy=quick --no-header +info some.tld o-saft.pl --legacy=quick --no-header +check some.tld o-saft.pl --legacy=quick --no-header --trace-key +info some.tld o-saft.pl --legacy=quick --no-header --trace-key +check some.tld


 * Generate simple parsable output for multiple hosts

o-saft.pl --legacy=quick --no-header --trace-key --showhost +check some.tld other.tld


 * Just for curiosity

o-saft.pl some.tld +fingerprint --format=raw o-saft.pl some.tld +certificate --format=raw | openssl x509 -noout -fingerprint

Specials for hunting problems with connections etc.

 * Show command line argument processing

o-saft.pl +info some.tld --trace-arg


 * Simple tracing

o-saft.pl +cn  some.tld --trace o-saft.pl +info some.tld --trace


 * A bit more tracing

o-saft.pl +cn  some.tld --trace --trace


 * Show internal variable names in output

o-saft.pl +info some.tld --trace-key


 * Show internal argument processeing

o-saft.pl +info --trace-arg some.tld


 * Show internal control flow

o-saft.pl +info some.tld --trace-cmd


 * Show internal timing

o-saft.pl +info some.tld --trace-time


 * Show checking ciphers

o-saft.pl +cipher some.tld --v --v


 * Show values retrieved from target certificate directly

o-saft.pl +info some.tld --no-cert --no-cert --no-cert-text=Value-from-Certificate


 * Show certificate CA verifications

o-saft.pl some.tld +chain_verify +verify +error_verify +chain


 * Avoid most performance and timeout problems (don't use --v)

o-saft.pl +info some.tld --no-dns --no-sni --ignore-no-conn o-saft.pl +info some.tld --no-dns --no-sni --no-cert --no-http --no-openssl

o-saft.pl +info some.tld --trace-cmd
 * Identify timeout problems

this will show lines containing:

#O-Saft CMD: test ...

ATTRIBUTION

 * Based on ideas (in alphabetical order) of:
 * cnark.pl, SSLAudit.pl sslscan, ssltest.pl, sslyze.py, testssl.sh


 * O-Saft - OWASP SSL advanced forensic tool
 * Thanks to Gregor Kuznik for this title.


 * cipherraw and most proxy functionality implemented by Torsten Gigler.


 * For re-writing some docs in proper English, thanks to Robb Watson.


 * Code to check heartbleed vulnerability adapted from
 * Steffen Ullrich (08. April 2014):
 * https://github.com/noxxi/p5-scripts/blob/master/check-ssl-heartbleed.pl


 * Colouration inspired by https://testssl.sh/.

AUTHOR
Achim Hoffmann

VERSION

 * @(#) 16.09.16

Content of this wiki page generated with: o-saft.pl --no-warning --no-header --help=gen-wiki